CHAPTER 2 Organizing & Summarizing Data

Question 1

RAW DATA

Answer 1

Data when first collected

Question 2

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

Answer 2

A list of each category of data and the number of occurrences for each category of data

Question 3

RELATIVE FREQUENCY

Answer 3

The proportion (or percentage) of observations within a category

Question 4

RELATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

Answer 4

A list of each category of data together with the relative frequency

Question 5

BAR GRAPH

Answer 5

A graphical representation of qualitative data that is constructed by:
- labeling each category of data on the horizontal or
vertical axis
- labeling the frequency or relative frequency on the
other axis
- rectangles of equal width are drawn for each
category
- the height of each rectangle represents the
categories frequency or relative frequency

Question 6

PARETO CHART

Answer 6

A bar chart whose bars are drawn in decreasing order of frequency

Question 7

PIE CHART

Answer 7

A circle divided into sectors. Each sector represents a category of data. The area of each sector is proportional to the frequency of the category.

Question 8

HISTOGRAM

Answer 8

A graph used to present quantitative data that is constructed by:
- drawing rectangles for each class of data
- the height of each rectangle is the frequency or
relative frequency of the class
- the width of each rectangle is the same and the
rectangles touch each other

Question 9

OPEN-ENDED TABLE

Answer 9

A table in which the first class has no lower limit or the 
 last class has no upper limit

Question 10

OGIVE

Answer 10

A line graph of qualitative data

Question 11

CREATING A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION USING MICROSOFT EXCEL

Answer 11

• Enter data in spreadsheet
• XLSTAT > Describing Data Descriptive Statistics
• General tab:
• Qualitative data: Check to box and highlights the
  data cell range to be analyzed (such as A1:A31)
• Range/Sheet/Workbook: Select the Sheet option
• Sample labels: Check box if the first row of data
  contains a label
• Options tab: Check the Charts box
• Outputs tab: Under “Qualitative Data,” select
  Categories and Frequency per Category
• Charts (2) tab: Under “Values Used” choose
  Frequencies
• Click OK

Question 12

CREATING A PIE CHART FROM SUMMARIZED DATA USING EXCEL

Answer 12

• Enter summarized data into spreadsheet
  -Highlight the categories and their respective
  frequencies
• Insert > Piecharts > 2-D Pie Chart
• Edit as needed

Question 13

CREATING A PIE CHART FROM SUMMARIZED DATA USING EXCEL

Answer 13

• Enter the raw data into spreadsheet
• Highlight raw data
• XLSTAT > Describing data > Descriptive
  Statistics
• Uncheck the Quantitative data box. Check the
  Qualitative data box
• The sheet describing the raw data should be in
  the cell
• Click Options, Select Charts
• Click Outputs
• Be sure Categories Frequency per category,
  and Rel. frequency per category (%) are selected
• Click Chart (2)
• Check the box “Pie Charts”
• Choose either Frequencies or Relative
  frequencies under “Values Used”
• Click OK