Chapter 2: Prolog, Ada, and Smalltalk

Question 1

What is a nonprocedural language?

Answer 1

A language in which programs describe the form or characteristics of the result rather than the steps to compute it

Question 2

What are the two kinds of statements that populate a Prolog database?

Answer 2

Facts and rules

Question 3

What is the primary application area for which Ada was designed?

Answer 3

Embedded systems

Question 4

What are the concurrent program units of Ada called?

Answer 4

Tasks

Question 5

What Ada construct provides support for abstract data types?

Answer 5

Packages

Question 6

What populates the Smalltalk world?

Answer 6

Exclusively objects

Question 7

What three concepts are the basis for object-oriented programming?

Answer 7

Data abstraction (classes), inheritance, and polymorphism (dynamic binding)

Question 8

Why does C++ include the features of C that are known to be unsafe?

Answer 8

To maintain backward compatibility and avoid performance penalties

Question 9

From what language does Objective-C borrow its syntax for method calls?

Answer 9

Smalltalk

Question 10

What programming paradigm supported by most modern languages is not supported by Go?

Answer 10

Traditional object-oriented programming, specifically inheritance

Question 11

What is the primary application for Objective-C?

Answer 11

Mac OS X and iPhone software

Question 12

What language designer worked on both C and Go?

Answer 12

Ken Thompson

Question 13

What do the Ada and COBOL languages have in common?

Answer 13

Both were developed for and mandated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)