Chapter 2 Vocabulary

Question 1

alternate

Answer 1

One leaf or bud in alternating arrangement along the stem. Not directly across from each other

Question 2

angiosperm

Answer 2

A plant with seeds borne in an ovary. Monocotyledons & Dicotyledons

Question 3

bipinnate

Answer 3

double pinnate

Question 4

broad-leaved tree

Answer 4

flat, blade-type leaves and produces seeds inside of fruits

Question 5

Class

Answer 5

taxonomic groupbelowthe division level but above the order level.

Question 6

compound leaf

Answer 6

leaf with two or more leaflets

Question 7

conifer

Answer 7

A cone-bearing tree or other plant that has its seeds in a structure called a cone

Question 8

cultivar

Answer 8

A cultivated variety of a species that cannot be reproduced without human assistance. Usually propagated asexually (cloned)

Question 9

cultivation

Answer 9

The growing and raising of plants.

Question 10

deciduous

Answer 10

A tree or other plant that sheds all of its foliage annually.

Question 11

entire

Answer 11

A term describing a leaf margin without teeth.

Question 12

eudicotyledon (eudicot)

Answer 12

A plant with tricoplate (three-grooved) pollen grains and two cotyledons in its embryo. Eudicotyledons constitute the larger of the two great divisions of flowering plants and typically have broad, stalked leaves with net-like veins.

Question 13

family

Answer 13

The taxonomic group under the order level and above the genus level.

Question 14

foliage

Answer 14

The leaves of a plant

Question 15

form (pl. forma)

Answer 15

A group of plants within a species having distinct variations that occur sporadically and naturally.

Question 16

genus (pl. genera)

Answer 16

The taxonomic group, composed of species having similar fundamental traits. Botanical classification under the family level and above the species level.

Question 17

gymnosperm

Answer 17

Plants with exposed seeds, usually within cones. The classes Ginkopsida and Coniferopsida are members of the group.

Question 18

hybrid

Answer 18

A plant resulting from a cross between two different genera, species, or highly inbred lines within a single species.

Question 19

identification key

Answer 19

A dichotomous guide used to help identify plants and other organisms.

Question 20

internode

Answer 20

The region of the stem between two successive nodes.

Question 21

kingdom

Answer 21

The taxonomic group separating plants from animals.

Question 22

leaf apex

Answer 22

The tip of the leaf blade.

Question 23

leaf base

Answer 23

The bottom part of the leaf blade.

Question 24

leaf margin

Answer 24

The outer edge of the leaf blade.

Question 25

monocotyledon (monocot)

Answer 25

A plant with an embryo that has one single seed leaf (cotyledon). Examples are grasses and palms.

Question 26

morphology

Answer 26

The study of the form and structure of plants and other living organisms.

Question 27

node

Answer 27

A point on a stem from which leaves, branches, and aerial roots are attached.

Question 28

nomenclature

Answer 28

The scientific naming system for living organisms. Scientific names are Latin (or latinized forms of other languages) and written in italics, the genus first (always starting with capital letters), followed by the specific epithet (always with lowercase letters), and together making the species name.

Question 29

opposite

Answer 29

pertaining to leaf or branch arrangement, leaves or branches situated two at each node, across from each other on the stem.

Question 30

order

Answer 30

The taxonomic group below the class level but above the family level.

Question 31

palmate

Answer 31

The type of leaf with veins or leaflets radiating in a fanlike pattern.

Question 32

phylum (pl. phyla)

Answer 32

The primary taxonomic group within a kingdom.

Question 33

pinnate

Answer 33

The type of compound leaf, with leaflets along each side of a common axis.

Question 34

pith

Answer 34

The central core of a stem. Often a lighter color than the surrounding tissue.

Question 35

propogation

Answer 35

The process of increasing plant numbers, both sexually and asexually.

Question 36

serrate

Answer 36

sawtooth margin of a leaf, with the teeth pointed forward.

Question 37

simple leaf

Answer 37

A single-bladed leaf. Not composed of leaflets.

Question 38

species

Answer 38

The taxonomic group of organisms composed of individuals of the same genus that can reproduce among themselves and have similar offspring.

Question 39

specific epithet

Answer 39

The classification name that follows the genus name in scientific nomenclature.

Question 40

subspecies

Answer 40

A group of plants within a species having distinct differences that occur naturally, usually within a specific geographic region.

Question 41

taxonomy

Answer 41

The science that studies the description, denomination, and classification of living organisms based on their similarities and differences.

Question 42

variety

Answer 42

A naturally occurring subdivision of a species having a distinct difference and breeding true to that difference.

Question 43

vascular plant

Answer 43

A plant with xylem and phloem elements for conducting water, nutrients, and photosynthates.

Question 44

whorled

Answer 44

leaves, twigs, or branches arranged in a circle around a point on a stem.