chapter 23

Question 1

trophic level

Answer 1

level on the food web

Question 2

indirect effect

Answer 2

one species alters the effect that another species has on another

Question 3

trophic cascades

Answer 3

interactions between trophic levels cascade to a third trophic level

Question 4

top down control

Answer 4

abundances kept low because of predation

Question 5

bottom up control

Answer 5

abundances kept low because of resource limitation

Question 6

difficulties of herbivory

Answer 6

plant tissues are hard to convert into animal tissues

Question 7

generalist species

Answer 7

animals that can eat a variety of foods and survive in many different habitats

Question 8

specialist species

Answer 8

animals that require very unique resources

Question 9

green world hypothesis

Answer 9

predators keep herbivore populations in check so that they don’t consume all the plants