Chapter 27 Exercise And Activity

Question 0

What are the two simple techniques to maintain proper body position

Answer 0

Widen your base of support by separating your feet and bring center of gravity closer to your base of support

Question 1

You achieve body balance a relatively low center of gravity over a

Answer 1

Wide stable base of support

Question 2

Coordinated body movement is the result of what three things

Answer 2

Weight
Center of gravity
Balance

Question 3

Occurs in a direction to oppose movement

Answer 3

Friction

Question 4

Articulation

Answer 4

Joint

Question 5

Coordinated body movement involves the functioning of which three systems

Answer 5

Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous

Question 6

What are the five functions bones perform

Answer 6

Support
Protection
Movement
Mineral storage 
Hematopoieses

Question 7

Joint is connection between

Answer 7

Bones

Question 8

Joints are classified according to

Answer 8

Structure

Degree of mobility

Question 9

Joints are classified as

Answer 9

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial connective structures

Question 10

Cartilaginous joint has little movement but is

Answer 10

Elastic

Question 11

Synovial joint or true joint is

Answer 11

Freely moveable

Question 12

Fibrinous joints Unites

Answer 12

Two bony surfaces such as paired bones

Question 13

Movement by certain joints that increases the single between two adjoining bones

Answer 13

Extension

Question 14

What is the major function of the cerebellum

Answer 14

Coordinate all voluntary movements

Question 15

What controls balance

Answer 15

Inner ear and cerebellum

Question 16

What is the most common back injury strain

Answer 16

Lumbar muscle group

Question 17

Fractures result from

Answer 17

Direct external trauma or deformity of the bone

Question 18

How do you assess body alignment

Answer 18

With the patient standing, sitting or lying down

Question 19

Muscles primarily associated with movement are located near the

Answer 19

Skeletal region where movements result from leverage

Question 20

Muscles associated with posture

Answer 20

Lower extremities
Trunk
Neck
Back

Question 21

Assessment includes

Answer 21

Patients present activity tolerance and info about preillness function

Question 22

First step in assessing body alignment

Answer 22

Put patient at ease so not to assume unnatural or rigid positions. Remove pillows and place in supine position

Question 23

Patients center of gravity is in the

Answer 23

Midline and line of gravity from middle of forehead to a midpoint between the feet

Question 24

How often do you reposition a person in bed

Answer 24

Every 2 hrs

Question 25

How often do you reposition a person if they are sitting

Answer 25

One hour

Question 26

People who cannot tolerate a supine position what position do you put them in and for what condition Fowlers 90 Fowlers 30 to 45

Answer 26

Fowlers 30 to 45 | Cardiac and respiratory

Question 27

``` What position do you place patient with severe respiratory distress 45 30 60 degrees 90 ```

Answer 27

Supported Fowlers or high Fowlers | 60 to 90 degrees

Question 28

What is supine position

Answer 28

On back

Question 29

When a patient is immobile what supported things do you use

Answer 29

Pillows Trochanter rolls Hands rolls Arm splints

Question 30

What are the pros and cons of the supine position

Answer 30

Pros increase comfort and reduce injury Cons are risk for aspiration You avoid when patient is confused,agitated and decreased level of consciousness

Question 31

What is prone position

Answer 31

Facedown position

Question 32

Before placing a patient in the prone position what must you check

Answer 32

Complications of increasing intracranial pressure or cardiopulmonary dx

Question 33

What is lateral position

Answer 33

Side lying position

Question 34

What position is recommended as a position to avoid development of pressure ulcers 30 60 90

Answer 34

30

Question 35

How does the 30 degree lateral position differ from side lying position

Answer 35

The dependent hip is brought forward so less pressure is directly on the bony prominence

Question 36

What is sims position

Answer 36

Semi prone on right or left side with opposite arm, thigh, and knee flexed and resting on the bed

Question 37

How does the sims position differ from side lying position

Answer 37

Distribution of patients weight | You place weight in sims on anterior ilium, humerus, and clavicle

Question 38

How many pounds if you need to lift do you use an assisted device

Answer 38

35

Question 39

What do you use for assistance for mobilization for patients with neuro deficits

Answer 39

Transfer belt

Question 40

Easiest intervention to maintain or improve joint mobility

Answer 40

ROM

Question 41

What helps to prevent bp from dropping in orthostatic htn patients who you are going to help walk

Answer 41

Dangling the legs off side of bed and then rest 1-2 mins before standing

Question 42

Quad cane

Answer 42

Provides most support and used for partial or complete leg paralysis or some hemiplegia.

Question 43

Which crutch is most commonly used

Answer 43

Axillary

Question 44

What is the appropriate length of the crutch when fitting

Answer 44

3 to 4 finger widths from the axilla to a point 15 cm or 6 inches lateral to the patients heel

Question 45

When ascending stairs on crutches do you use Four point Three point or two point

Answer 45

Three point gait

Question 46

Is adduction movement of a limb toward or away from the body

Answer 46

Toward

Question 47

Foot boots maintain the the foot in what position

Answer 47

Dorsiflexion

Question 48

Inability to dorsiflex or evert the foot

Answer 48

Foot drop

Question 49

Activities that involve muscle tension without muscle shortening

Answer 49

Isometric

Question 50

Two solutions have same concentration

Answer 50

Isotonic

Question 51

Valsalva

Answer 51

Any forced expiratory effort against a closed airway

Question 52

Key landmarks that provide a series of imaginary lines for signs and symptom identification

Answer 52

``` Suprasternal notch Manubrium Costal angle Clavicles Angle of Louis Vertebrae ```

Question 53

Indications of hypoxia

Answer 53

Restlessness | Fatigue

Question 54

Sputum with thick consistency

Answer 54

Tenacious (sticking together)

Question 55

Loading dose

Answer 55

Large first dose

Question 56

Antitussives are used to

Answer 56

Reduce frequency of cough

Question 57

Method of lung auscultation

Answer 57

Begin at top of chest (Apices) comparing one side of chest to other Moving downward Finishing at lung bases

Question 58

Weightbearing on only one foot most appropriate gait Two Three Four

Answer 58

Three

Question 59

Weight bearing on both legs Two Three Four point

Answer 59

Four point

Question 60

Greatest chance of developing after knee replacement

Answer 60

DVT

Question 61

At least partial weight bearing on each foot

Answer 61

Two point

Question 62

Movement of limb away from the bod

Answer 62

Abduction

Question 63

Midpoint or the center of the weight or a body or object

Answer 63

Center of gravity

Question 64

Maintaining optimal body position

Answer 64

Posture

Question 65

Connection between bones

Answer 65

Joint

Question 66

Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous system to maintain proper balance, posture and body alignment

Answer 66

Body mechanics

Question 67

Manner or style of walking including rhythm, cadence, and speed

Answer 67

Gait

Question 68

Rolled towel support placed against the hips and upper leg to prevent external rotation of the legs

Answer 68

Trochanter roll

Question 69

Soft foot shaped devices designed to reduce the risk of foot drop by maintaining the foot in dorsiflexion

Answer 69

Foot boots

Question 70

Face down position

Answer 70

Prone

Question 71

Flexion toward the back

Answer 71

Dorsiflexion

Question 72

Toed down motion of the foot at the ankle

Answer 72

Plantarflexion

Question 73

Position of maximal extension of a joint

Answer 73

Hyperextension

Question 74

A patient is semi prone on the right or left side with the opposite arm, thigh, and knee flexed and resting on the bed

Answer 74

Sims position

Question 75

Side lying position a patient is supported on the right or the left side with the opposite arm, thigh, and knee flexed and resting on the bed

Answer 75

Lateral

Question 76

Pain comes in suddenly and lasts for short periods and is not relieved by the patients normal pain management

Answer 76

Breakthrough pain

Question 77

Pain felt at distance from the stimulus

Answer 77

Referred pain

Question 78

A maneuver used to turn a reclining patient without moving the spinal column out of alignment

Answer 78

Log roll

Question 79

The toe down motion of the foot at the ankle

Answer 79

Plantarflexion

Question 80

The movement by certain joints that increases the angle between two adjoining joints

Answer 80

Extension

Question 81

The three point gait is most appropriate for patients

Answer 81

With Weightbearing on one foot

Question 82

Four point crutch gait requires Weightbearing on

Answer 82

Both legs