3 main regions of a cell
- Cell Membrane
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
Osmosis
- Net movement of water through a permeable membrane
- From high to low
- Diffusion of water
Tonicity
-Conditions that cause water to move across the membrane
Isotonic Solution
- Both solutions have the same solute and water concentration
- Equal
- No gain or loss
Hypertonic Solution
- higher solute concentration
- Net loss of water
- Water leaves cell
Hypotonic
- Lower solute concentration
- Net gain of water
- Water enters cell
Active Transport
- Requires a carrier
- Requires energy (ATP)
Endocytosis
-Bringing materials into a cell
Exocytosis
-Movement of materials out of a cell
Phagocytosis
-Process where large particles are engulfed by the cell
Pinocytosis
- “cell drinking”
- Process where droplets of liquids are engulfed by cell
Diffusion
-Movement of particles from high concentration to low
Facilitated Diffusion
- Integral Proteins are used to transport large molecules across membrane
- High to Low
Cancer
-A group of diseases in which there is uncontrolled mitosis (apoptosis)
Apoptosis
Programmed Cell Death
Benign Tumor
- Cannot grow or spread
- “Harmless”
Malignant Tumor
- A cancerous Growth
- Difficult to remove
- Can recur, spread, and kill
Metastasis
-Cancer spreads from primary tumor to another part of body
Primary tumor
-Original Location
Secondary Tumor
- Place where new tumor grows
- Metastasis Cancer
Carcinogen
- Cancer-causing agent
- Ex. Tobacco
Oncogenes
-Cancer-causing genes
