Chapter 3

Question 1

What is considered a competent adult and a incompetent adult?

Answer 1

• Competent adult:
  
  • lucid
  • able to make an informed decisions about medical care
  • understands you questions
  • understands the implications of decision made about medical care
• Incompetent adult:
  
  • under the influences of alcohol/drugs
  • altered mental status
  • had a serious illness/injury that might affect judgement
  • has a mental illness/intellectual disability

Question 2

What are the 2 types of patient Consent?

Answer 2

• Expressed consent:
  
  • may consist of Verbal and affirming gesture
  • Pt must be conscious and competent
• Implied consent:
  
  • if a Pt is unconscious, risk of death. disability, deterioration
  • if a Pt refusing care and then becomes unconscious= implied consent

Question 3

What is the treatment of minors

Answer 3

Minor: Person under the age of 18 (Parent/guardian must consent to treatment)

Emancipated minor: Minor no longer under the authority of parent, (only need Pt approval)

Question 4

What is a advanced directive and a DNR

Answer 4

Advanced directive: an advanced care plan written in advanced

DNR (Do not Resuscitate): order for pt to not be resuscitated, can be for specific levels of survival

Question 5

What is a advanced directive and a DNR

Answer 6

Advanced directive: an advanced care plan written in advanced

DNR (Do not Resuscitate): order for pt to not be resuscitated, can be for specific levels of survival

Question 7

Can Pt refuse treatment?

Answer 7

Yes but Pt must be competent

• Pt can withdraw from treatment
• make a reasonable effort to convince Pt
• before they do:
  
  • try to persuade the Pt to accept treatment/ transport
  • be sure Pt can make a rational informed decision
  • obtain medical direction as required by local protocol
  • have the Pt sign a refusal or “release from liability”
  • before you leave encourage Pt to seek treatment
  • advise Pt to call EMS again if needed

Question 8

How to preserve evidence

Answer 8

• Always secure scene and alert police
• observe/document anything unusual at the scene
• touch only what you need to
• never wipe away blood
• dont use Pt telephone
• move Pt only if danger if present
• If possible dont cut Pt clothes
• if crime is a rape do not wash/change clothes