study of morality and standards of conduct, area that has a lawful component and implies right and wrong in a legal sense, victim of subjectivity as it yields to the will of cultural relativism
ethics
dilemmas arising from conflicts between ethical standards of a country and business ethics
ethical dilemmas
actions taken by a firm to benefit society beyond the requirements of the law and the direct interests of the firm, based more on voluntary actions
corporate social responsibility
entities have responsibilities based on a core set of moral principles that go beyond those of narrow self-interest
kantian
focus on core, individual behaviors and actions and how they express and form individual character
aristotelian
states that ones formation is a social process, relies heavily on existing practices to provide an account of what is good and what character traits contribute to pursuing and realizing that good in concrete ways
virtue theory
form of consequentialism that favors the greatest good for the greatest number of people under a given set of constraints, acts are morally correct if they maximize utility
utilitarianism
holds that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe, attempts to discuss the universe from an objective viewpoint are inherently absurd
eastern philosophy
women employees are subject to sexual harassment, two-track recruiting processes, and unequal opportunities for growth
japan
witnessed an increase in the number of women in managerial positions but only in low-level managerial positions
france, germany, and great britain
in this country workers are not paid well, forced to work 12 hour days, seven days a week to meet demand, some cases involve the usage of child labor
china
relationship between per capita income ad the use of natural resources and/or the emission of wastes has an inverted U-shape
Environmental Kuznets Curve
tried to achieve an international consensus on environmental reform, adopted the Paris Agreement
United Nations Climate Change Conference 2015
attempts to navigate a moral position that does not force decision makers to engage exclusively in relativism versus absolutism, offers one framework to help reconcile fundamental contradictions in international business ethics between home and host countries
integrative social contracts theory
private, not-for-profit organizations, seek to serve societies interests by focusing on social, political, and economic issues
nongovernmental organizations
organized social movement and market-based approach, aims to help producers in developing nations obtain better trading conditions and promote sustainability
fair trade
development that meets humanitys needs without harming future generations
sustainability
system by which businesses are directed and controlled, provides the structure for setting company objectives and means for attaining those objectives and maintaining performance
corporate governance
occurs in nations with less well-developed legal and institutional protections and poor property rights
crony capitalism
anticorruption measure established by latin american countries
organization of american states inter-american convention against corruption
developed as a means of preventing the shift of corrupt practices to suppliers and intermediaries
transparent agents against contracting entities standard
