Community Nutrition > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Review the purpose, goals, and objectives of the needs assessment.
  2. Develop a set of questions related to the nutritional problems and factors influencing these problems.
  3. Choose a method for obtaining answers to these questions.
A

Ways Nutritional Status can be improved

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2
Q

What are types of Data to collect from a target population?

A
  1. Individual lifestyle factors
  2. Utilization of the food supply & other factors
  3. Food supply and food availability
  4. Income and food prices
  5. Sociocultural factors (pg.90)
  6. Food preferences, knowledge, attitudes
  7. Health beliefs and practices
  8. Living and working conditions
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3
Q

What are methods of obtaining data about the target population?

A
  1. Survey
  2. Health Risk Appraisal-used to alert individuals to risky behavior
  3. Screening
  4. Focus Groups
  5. Interviews with key informants
  6. Direct Assessment of nutritional status
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4
Q

The proportion of people with the condition who have a positive test for it is ________

A

sensitivity

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5
Q

The proportion of people without the condition who have a negative test for it is ________

A

specificity

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6
Q

Validity aka

A

accuracy

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7
Q

The repeatability or reproducibility or precision of an assessment instrument is

A

reliability

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8
Q

Quantitative measures that help with screening, diagnosing and evaluating individuals is _______

A

Nutritional Status Indicators

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9
Q

A cultural assessment is done ______ to data collection to identify appropriate and inappropriate behavior.

A

prior

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10
Q

what kind of cultural issues involve Belief system and food rituals?

A

Religion

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11
Q

what kind of cultural issues involve Typical greeting, social customs, and communications?

A

Etiquette and Social customs

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12
Q

what kind of cultural issues involve eye contact, tone of voice, facial expression, gestures, personal space, touch etc?

A

Nonverbal Communication

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13
Q
  1. Community needs assessment
  2. A mandate handed down from a national office or federal agency
  3. Research findings
  4. Community leader or coalition makes a request
  5. Availability of new funding
  6. Government policy
    are factors that
A

trigger program planning

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14
Q

what are steps in program planning?

A
  1. review the results of the comment needs assessment
  2. Define program goals and objectives
  3. Develop a program plan
  4. Develop a management system
  5. Identify funding sources
  6. Implement the program
  7. Evaluate program elements and effectiveness
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15
Q

What are the three keys in developing the program plan?

A
  1. Design the intervention
  2. Design the nutrition education component
  3. Develop the marketing plan
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16
Q

What are the smart objectives

A 
S:pecific
M:easurable
A:chievable
R:elevant
T:ime
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17
Q

What are broad statements of desired changes or outcomes?

A

goals

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18
Q

What are specific, measurable actions to be completed within a specified time frame?

A

objectives

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19
Q

Build awareness (individual, community, system) lies in what level of intervention?

A

Level 1

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20
Q

Change in lifestyles lies in what level of intervention?

A

Level 2

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21
Q

Creates a supportive environment lies in what level of intervention?

A

Level 3

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22
Q

Evaluation is important to _________ your program.

A

improve

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23
Q

Evaluation is important to ________ your program or show accountability

A

justify

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24
Q

Evaluation is important to _______ your program in general

A

document

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25
Tests and assess certain elements of a program prior to implementation is what kind of evaluation?
Formative
26
Measures how the program is implemented is what kind of evaluation?
Process
27
Determines if the desired result is obtained is what kind of evaluation?
Impact
28
Measures effectiveness is what kind of evaluation?
Outcome
29
Determines adequacy of the personnel, the facility, etc. is what kind of evaluation?
Structure
30
Determines benefits relative to cost is what kind of evaluation?
Fiscal
31
1. Who are the appropriate persons to read the report? 2. Does the report address the issues the readers would want to have in the report? 3. Is the report going to be completed in time to be useful and will it be understood correctly? are the three
major principles involved when writing a evaluation report
32
1. Measure health and nutritional status 2. measure food composition and the equality of the food supply are two ways of
nutrition research and nutrition monitoring
33
What year was the USDA Household Food Consumption Survey?
1930's
34
What years were 10 State Nutrition Survey conducted once and was limited because of low income?
1986-1970
35
What survey was done in 1970 and to 1990
NHANES | National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey
36
The National Nutrition Monitoring Related Research Programs are from what years?
1999-present
37
What is the most important of the health and nutritional status measurements?
NHANES
38
NHANES data was used to establish baseline estimates of _______ levels in the U.S.?
cholesterol
39
NHANES data was used to remove what from gasoline?
lead
40
NHANES data was used to update ___________
pediatric growth charts
41
What has taken place of NHANES?
NNMRRP | National Nutrition Monitoring Related Research Program
42
What is BRFSS
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
43
What is a telephone survey beginning in 1984 asking adults about diet lifestyle?
BRFSS
44
What is YRBS?
Youth Risk Behavior Survey
45
What is a in school survey that started in 1990 asking grades 9-12 about diet lifestyle?
YRBS
46
What is the amount of a nutrient considered to be adequate to meet the needs of at least half the population?
EAR | Estimated Average Requirements
47
What is the average daily amount of a nutrients considered to be adequate to meet the needs of most healthy people?
RDA | Recommended Daily Allowance
48
What is set If insufficient evidence is available?
AI | Adequate Intake
49
What is the maximum amount that appears safe for most healthy people?
UL | Upper Limit
50
1. Balance calories with physical activity 2. Consume more nutrient dense foods 3. consume fewer foods with sodium, sat fats, trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, & refined grains are the
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010
51
What non government Dietary Guidance is similar to Dietary Guidelines?
American Heart Association
52
What non government dietary guidance strives to Be Lean, Be Active, Eat healthy and emphasize plant foods. Also limit alcohol?
American Cancer Society
53
________ of the recommendation into food specific guides that consumers can implement in their homes, at the grocery store, and in restaurants.
Translation
54
Many decisions made by ______ nutritionist are opportunities for making and implementing policy
community
55
What percentage of people in the United States are in poverty?
15%
56
What percentage of children in the United States are in poverty?
22%
57
What is the dollar amount below which a family would be viewed as living in poverty?
Poverty Threshold
58
Who devised the poverty Threshold to represent the costs of a minimum adequate diet for families of different sizes and multiplying the cost by three to allow for other expenses?
Mollie Orshansky
59
What is used to determine eligibility for federal assistance?
Poverty Guidelines
60
who is food insecure based on food insecurity is mainly caused by poverty?
The poor
61
who is food insecure based on minimum wage does not lift?
The working poor
62
who is food insecure based on 20% of households surveyed
The young
63
What are examples of others who are food insecure?
1. Ethnic minorities 2. Older adults 3. Inner-City and Rural Dwellers 4. Certain Southern and Western States 5. Many Farmers 6. The homeless
64
What % of mental illness causes homelessness?
26% Mental Illness
65
What % of physical disabilities causes homelessness?
16% physical disabilities
66
What % of employed causes homelessness?
15% employed
67
What % of domestic violence causes homelessness?
13% domestic violence
68
What % of population is homeless because they're veterans?
13% veterans
69
What % of population is homeless because being HIV-positive
4%
70
In what year were excess food commodities were bought and distributed by the federal gov?
1930's
71
Also in the 1930's what was launched for low income people to buy food?
food stamps
72
When was school lunch act passed?
1946
73
What are the top 5 Food assistance Programs?
1. SNAP Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program 2. School Lunch 3. School Breakfast 4. Child and Adult Care Food Program 5. WIC Nutriton Program for Women Infants and Children
74
How many americans participate in food assistance programs?
one in four
75
What program did President Clinton create?
TANF Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
76
A federal grant program not an entitlement program?
WIC
77
1. Sustainability 2. Willingness to take action 3. Willingness to work together?
Are actions to lower Food Insecurity
Community Nutrition
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