Chapter 3 - ATP

Question 1

what do cells require energy for?

Answer 1

• synthesis
• transport
• movement

Question 2

what is the structure of ATP?

Answer 2

• a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, 3 phosphate groups
• a nucleotide

Question 3

how does ATP release energy?

Answer 3

• released when bond holding last phosphate group to ATP is released (hydrolysis reaction)
• ATP is hydrolysed into ADP and a phosphate ion

Question 4

why is ATP not a good long term energy store?

Answer 4

• not a good long term energy store - bc of instability of phosphate bonds
• rapidly reforms by the phosphorylation of ADP ( condensation reaction) - good immediate energy store

Question 5

what are the properties of ATP?

Answer 5

• ideally suited to function=energy transfer
• small=moves easily
• water soluble
• releases energy in small quantities=energy isn’t wasted
• easily regenerated=can be recharged with energy