Chapter 3: Cell Structure

Question 1

What are the characteristics of a prokaryote? (4)

Answer 1

• DNA is not enclosed within the nucleus
• Usually a DNA is arranged an one circular xme
• They lack membrane-enclosed organelles
• Single celled organisms (Bacteria, Archaea)

Question 2

What does “karyon” mean?

Answer 2

nucleus

Question 3

Where is DNA stored in prokaryotes?

Answer 3

nucleoid region

Question 4

What are characteristics of eukaryotes? (5)

Answer 4

• DNA in the nucleus, surrounded by a nuclear membrane
• DNA is arranged as multiple xmes
• membrane-enclosed organelles
• singled celled or multicellular
• algae, protozoa, fungi, plants, animals

Question 5

What are plasmids?

Answer 5

external pieces of DNA

Question 6

Name the 5 types of bacteria shapes (morphology).

Answer 6

• coccus (pl. cocci)
• bacillus (pl. bacilli)
• Vibrio
• Spirillum (pl. Spirilla)
• Spirochete

Question 7

What is the shape of coccus?

Answer 7

spehrical

Question 8

What is the shape of bacillus?

Answer 8

• rod shaped

Question 9

What is the shape of vibrio?

Answer 9

curved

Question 10

What is the shape of spirillum?

Answer 10

• spiral shaped

Question 11

What is the shape of spirochete?

Answer 11

• corkscrew shaped