Chapter 3 Exam

Question 1

Where did the Scott-Irish settle?

Answer 1

The backcountry

Question 2

Scott-Irish Culture (3)

Answer 2

1. Ferocity with locals (in this case natives)
2. Calvinist
3. Spontaneous religious expression in church

Calvinist: the belief in predestination

Question 3

Where did the German Speakers Settle?

Answer 3

Backcountry of the Midatlantic region

Question 4

German Speaking culture

Answer 4

1. Pacifist
2. Farmers
3. Cultural deviance*

*Think of the Christmas tree scenario.

Question 5

Influence of Scott-Irish in the New World.

2 points!

Answer 5

1. Suspicion of government -> Questioning England’s rule.
2. Predestination ideals.

Question 6

Influence of Germans (2)

Answer 6

1. German farming style was among the best in the world.
2. Their unique cultural practices spread and they helped colonials adopt a cultural identitiy separate from England’s.

Question 7

Where did the West Africans settle?

Answer 7

Mostly in the Southeast coastal plantations, but also spread out in the backcountry.

*Maroon communities formed in the BACKCOUNTRY.

Question 8

Culture of the West Africans

3 points!

Answer 8

1. Spontaneous religous expression in cemeronies.
2. A syncretic religion
3. Speech pattern

Syncretic religion: pieces of religion melded together.

Question 9

Influence of the West Africans

2 major points, 1 minor point

Answer 9

1. Southern accent
2. Inspired the Scotts to worship the way they did.
3. Influence music (violin + drums = banjo)

West Africans were not passive. They were actively involved!

Question 10

Non-English people served as ____ in the backcountry. Why would they put up with this?

Answer 10

buffers. They may not have been the best treated group in the Americas, but economically there was much more opportunity to grow wealth and own land.

Question 11

The English pushed non-english settlers to the back country to ….

Answer 11

Reserve coastal regions for themselves pale of settlement

Question 12

Reasoning for Bacon’s rebellion

Answer 12

Bacon wanted exchange, not change. he wanted to be part of the elite, but Gov.Berkley favored his buddies over him: he couldn’t get up the ladder, so he wanted to overthrow Berkley.

Gov. didn’t help clear his land from natives, gave land to friends.

His rebellion careened out of ctrl because his supporters had a different cause (change).

Question 13

2 Results of Bacon’s rebellion

Answer 13

1. Slavery over servitude
2. Elite begin consolidating their power and trying to improve their reputation.

Bacon died and the rebellion dissolved.

Question 14

Why did the Maryland Protestant Association rebel?

Answer 14

The Glorious Revolution inspired them to want to overthrow their catholic proprietor: the Calvert family

The owner was Catholic, population was protestant.

The Maryland Protestant Association was led by John Coode.

Question 15

What was the Glorious Revolution?

Answer 15

King James II admitted to being Catholic and was (non-violently) removed by parliment and replaced by his son-in-law, a Dutch named William of Orange.

Parliment gaining power even after lost civil war.

Question 16

What was a result of the Maryland Protestant Association’s rebellion?

Answer 16

Maryland goes from a proprietary colony to a colonial assembly (democratic form).

Question 17

Why did Jacob Leisler lead a rebellion in New York? What inspired him?

Answer 17

Defy the patroons and create a new system of democracy. The Glorious Revolution.

Question 18

What was the outcome of Jacob Leisler’s rebellion?

Answer 18

He ended up being executed for tryanny, but his reforms stayed in New York.

Question 19

General pattern in all colonial rebellions.

Answer 19

When people feel that they don’t have social mobility and/or voice and government, they rebel violently.

This is a practically universal phenomenon.

Question 20

1. What is anglicization
2. What caused anglicization
3. What was an outcome of anglicization

Answer 20

1. Becoming more “english”
2. Consumerism; most goods came from England.
3. Everyone in the colonies had diminished barriers between each other (similar culture and possessions)

Question 21

How did mercantilism shape the culture of the British Colonies?

Answer 21

Mercantilism advocated for tight ties between colony & mainland to ensure mainland reaps the wealth/benefits: Colonials bought and consumed tons of BRITISH goods, which diminished barriers!

The Navigation acts! Consumerism!

Question 22

Why is the term triangular trade not accurate?

Answer 22

1. Multidirectional/Intercolonial
2. Dehumanization

Not a closed system!

A ship from a colony might sail to the Caribbean to purchase sugar, then to Africa to buy slaves, and finally back to New England to sell the slaves .

Question 23

Why were all the colonies dependent on enslavement?

Answer 23

Foods they farm are sold to traffickers to feed their “property”

Question 24

What was consumerism?

Answer 24

Economic system of people buying impractical stuff to look refined. | Refined: appearing successful through material goods.

Question 25

Social mobility is uniquely ____ in the colonies, so ____.

Answer 25

fluid, so people are buying tons of impractical stuff to demonstrate how well off they are. ## Footnote New England had the HIGHEST RATES of social mobility

Question 26

2 founders of Massachusetts Bay

Answer 26

William Bradford (plymouth) and John Winthrop (Massachusetts Bay Colony) ## Footnote Massachusetts Bay was a mercantile venture.

Question 27

What was the Massachusetts Bay government like?

Answer 27

Covenant style, annual elections ## Footnote covenant style meaning depended on the people's promise/morality, elections when picking gov and church leaders.

Question 28

What was the colonial makeup of Massachusetts bay?

Answer 28

Entirely English, expelled dissenters. | Pale of Settlement

Question 29

What was the restoration?

Answer 29

After Oliver Cromwell died, the parlimentary rule dissolved and the monarchy was revived with King Charles II

Question 30

Covenant Chain

Answer 30

The govenor of New York and the Iroquois nations allied to help each others interests.

Question 31

Charter of Liberties (NY), who passed it and 2 things it included.

Answer 31

The Duke of York called an elected assembly which drafted a charter of liberties (trial by jury and freedom of worship for Christians)

Question 32

The Yamasee Uprising (Where and why)

Answer 32

South Carolina, had huge debts from trading with colonists and raiding other tribes for them.

Question 33

Fundamental Consitutions of Carolina. | Who passed it, what were its effects

Answer 33

Proprietors of Carolina, land rewards to immigrating families/slaveholders. Widepsread slavery made Carolina a very hierarchal society.

Question 34

What did the Charter of Liberty rely on? (PA)

Answer 34

Virtuous Citizenry | Freedom to all Christians and personal morality (drinking, swearing)

Question 35

Virginia law of 1662

Answer 35

Whether a child was free or enslaved dpenended on the race of the mother. It was now profitable to abuse enslaved women.

Question 36

What did the Glorious revolution demonstrate? What important document was passed? What did it do?

Answer 36

That parliment was gaining power since they literally tossed out the king that was supposed to have "divine rights" and appointed a new one!! **The English Bill of Rights** gave parliment the power to control taxes and individual rights

Question 37

How did the Glorious Revolution cause Jacob Leisler's rebellion?

Answer 37

James II established the dominion of New England and appointed its govenor, but now that he was gone, the colonists were inclined to rebel and get rid of him as well as the patroons.

Question 38

After the Glorious Revolution, Massachusetts became a ____ colony.

Answer 38

Royal

Question 39

How did the English Civil War cause salutary neglect?

Answer 39

1. Salutary neglect, weakened and occupied government that could not focus on the colonies, so the colonies learned to be autonomous.

Question 40

How did the English Civil War cause the navigation acts?

Answer 40

During the **Interregnum** The first major navigation act was passed, indicating a shift to a colonial economy strictly tied to England's

Question 41

Who were german redemptioners?

Answer 41

Like indetured servitude but with families.

Question 42

What was the new slave code?

Answer 42

The House of Burgesses created a new slave code that set white supermacy into stone (1705)

Question 43

(1737) What was the walking purchase?

Answer 43

Pennsylvania govenor made a land agreement that he would get 36 hour walk worth of land, but hired a marathoner

Question 44

When was the English Civil War?

Answer 44

1642-51

Question 45

**Why are proprietary colonies handed out a decade after the war?** | Include a proprietary resotration colony!!

Answer 45

Proprietary colonies like the Carolinas (a restoration colony) were handed out to increase economic gain and political control over the colonies.

Question 46

After the Civil War, England began a shift to a ____ monarchy which was further developed during the ______. How did this affect the colonies?

Answer 46

Consitutional monarchy, Glorious Revolution where parliment affirmed their epic powers. This affected the colonies because they would emulate these democratic desires in their own colonies, and become furious when they realize they are not able to participate adequately in this mainland government.

Question 47

Who were lords of trade?

Answer 47

The Lords of Trade were a group of English officials tasked with overseeing colonial affairs during the dominion of New England.

Question 48

What were the articles of capituation?

Answer 48

English ask the Dutcht o stay, keep making money. We'll just change the name/flag.

Question 49

Why did the Scott-Irish bring suspicion of government to the Americas?

Answer 49

Persecution and Discrimination: Under King Charles I and later King James II, the Presbyterian Scots were subjected to harsh laws and repression, exiled to Ireland.