Chapter 3 (Phenomenological)

Question 1

Definition of phenomenological research

Answer 1

1. describes the common meaning for several individuals of their lived experiences of a concept or a phenomenon.
2. describing what all participants have in common as they experience a phenomenon.

Question 2

Features of phenomenology

Answer 2

1. An emphasis on a phenomenon to be explored, phrase in terms of a single concept or idea.
2. Exploration of
   phenomenon with a
   group of individuals
   who have all experienced the phenomenon.
3. Lived experiences of
   individuals and how they
   have both subjective experiences of the phenomenon and objectives experiences of something in common with other people.
4. Phenomenological
   reflection – bracketing
   and reduction
5. Data collection
   procedures that typically involves interviewing individuals who have experienced the phenomenon.
6. Data analysis that moves from the narrow units of analysis and on to broader units.
7. Phenomenology research ends with a descriptive passage that discusses the essence of the experience for individuals incorporating “what” they have experienced and “how” they have experienced it.

Question 3

Types of phenomenological design

Answer 3

1. hermeneutical phenomenology
2. transcendental phenomenology

Question 4

Steps in conducting a phenomenological research

Answer 4

1. Determine if the research problem is best examined by using a phenomenological approach.
2. Identify a phenomenon of interest to study, and describe it.
3. Distinguish and specify the broad philosophical assumptions of phenomenology.
4. Collect data from the individuals who have experienced the
   phenomenon by using in-depth and multiple interviews.
5. Generate themes from the analysis of significant statements
6. Develop textural and structural descriptions
7. Report the “essence” of the phenomenon by using a composite description.
8. Present the understanding of the essence of the experience in written form.