Chapter 3 - Plan Types - Vision / Framework Plan & Historic Preservation Plan

Question 1

What is a “Framework Plan”?
(i.e. Vision Plan)

Answer 1

-A planning tool or document that can coordinate future growth, development, and investment within a given community
-Catch-all term that takes a variety of consideration into account including land-use, open space, transportation/circulation, architecture, and sustainability
-Most often used by universitites as tool for campus planning
-A series of independent elemtns that are united under the structure of a single plan document

Question 2

What do Historic Preservation Plans do?

Answer 2

-Historic/Cultural Restoration and Preservation plans are used to identify, preserve, and restore critical cultural historic resources

Question 3

What is the underlying logic of historic preservation policies?

Answer 3

-Policy was established by National Historic Preservation Act of 1966
-Stipulates “Development cannot have adverse effects on historic properties or resources”
-Most often applied to sites of considerable historic significance

Question 4

What criteria has the National Register Of Historic Places established in order to determine a site’s eligibility for?

Answer 4

-Is the site associated with events that have made a significant contribution to broad patterns of American History
-Is site associated with the lives of persons significant to US History
-Does site embody distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or represent significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction
-Has site yielded or may likely yield, info important in prehistory or history?
***Note these policies do not generally cover wilderness or habitat areas.

Question 5

How are preservation plans typically enacted?

Answer 5

-Although historic preservation policies often apply to a single building or property, historic/cultural restoration and preservation plans are typically enacted through the creation of special historic districts.

Question 6

What is the purpose of historic/cultural restoration & preservation plans, and how does the process begin?

Answer 6

• Usually implemented through special historic districts, not just individual buildings.
• Process starts with a cultural resources assessment, which documents:
  -location
  -quality
  -historical significance
• Uses archival research + field investigation to evaluate built works (bridges, buildings, walls, signs, etc.).

Question 7

What are the two types of historic districts, and how do they relate to each other?

Answer 7

• National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) districts — federal standards.
• Local historic districts — created through municipal ordinances.
• They can overlap.
• Local districts often add extra protections or financial incentives beyond NRHP rules.

Question 8

How are local historic districts typically implemented?

Answer 8

• Usually created as zoning overlay districts.
• Add special local land-use controls that apply on top of base zoning.
• Provide additional mechanisms for protecting historic/cultural resources.

Question 9

Define Preservation

Answer 9

-Process of applying measures to protect existing form, integrity, and materials of historic property, structures, or resources.
-Prioritize routine maintenance over replacement of features or new construction

Question 10

Define Rehabilitation

Answer 10

-Entails repairing, altering, or adding to an existing historic resource to accomodate a compatible use
-Note: All work conducted should preserve any and all features that contain historic or cultural merit

Question 11

Define Restoration

Answer 11

-Process of removing features from a historic resource to accurately depict the historic resource as it would have appeared in particular time period
-Also entails reconstructing features that were removed from the original structure or resource

Question 12

Define Reconstruction

Answer 12

-Using new construction to accurately depict the form, features, and detailing or a non-surviving historic resource