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Chapter 3 - Routing Technologies Flashcards

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1
Q 
1. Which criteria are routing decisions based upon? 
A. Source IP
B. Destination IP address 
C. TTL
D. Destination MAC address
A
  1. B. All routing decisions are based upon destination IP address. The router examines the IP address and routes the packet to the next closest hop for the network it belongs to.
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2
Q
  1. Which type of routing requires network administrator intervention?
    A. Link-state routing
    B. Distance-vectorrouting C. Static routing
    D. Dynamic routing
A
  1. C. Static routing requires a network administrator to intervene and create a route in the routing table.
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3
Q
  1. When an IP address is configured on the router’s interface, what happens in the routing table?
    A. A route entry is created for the network attached to the IP address on the interface.
    B. A route entry is created for the IP address attached to the interface.
    C. Dynamic routing protocols update all other routers.
    D. All of the above
A
  1. D. When an IP address is configured on a router’s interface, the network is automatically put into the routing table. The IP address is also added to the routing table. When the routing table changes, this normally tells the routing protocol it should perform an update.
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4
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about the subnet mask?
    A. The subnet mask is used by the host to determine the destination network.

B. The subnet mask is used in routing to determine the destination network.
C. The router uses its subnet mask when routing a packet.
D. The destination computer checks the subnet mask on the packet to verify that it’s intended for that computer.

A
  1. A. The subnet mask is used by the host to determine the immediate network and the destination network. It then decides to either route the packet or try to deliver itself without the router’s help.
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5
Q
  1. What protocol does the router or host use to find a MAC address for the frame when it determines that the packet is on the local network?
    A. IGMP B. RARP C. ARP
    D. ICMP
A
  1. C. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is employed by the host or router when a packet is determined to be local on one of its interfaces.
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6
Q
  1. When a packet is determined remote from the network of the sending host, what happens?
    A. The destination IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.
    B. The destination MAC address is changed to the destination host’s MAC address. C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address.
    D. The source IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.
A
  1. C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address and the destination IP address is untouched.
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7
Q
  1. Which statement describes correctly what happens when a packet moves through a router?
    A. The destination IP address is changed to the original destination.
    B. The packet’s TTL is decremented.
    C. The source MAC address is changed to the original source MAC address.
    D. All of the above
A
  1. B. The TTL, or time to live, is decremented usually by one. When the TTL reaches zero, a packet is considered un-routable. This prevents packets from eternally routing.
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8
Q
  1. What is the entry for the IP address in the routing table called in IOS 15 code when an interface is configured?
    A. IP address route B. Local route
    C. Dynamic route
    D. Static route
A
  1. B. When an IP address is configured on an interface, the entry in the routing table is called the local route. The local routes always have a prefix of /32.
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9
Q
  1. When a packet is determined to be on the local network, what happens?
    A. The destination IP address is changed to the router IP address.
    B. The destination MAC address is changed to the destination host’s MAC address.

C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address. D. The source IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.

A
  1. B. When a packet is determined to be local to the sending host, ARP is used to resolve the MAC address for the IP address of the destination host, and the frame is sent directly to the host.
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10
Q
  1. How does the sending host know if the destination is local or remote in respect to its immediate network?
    A. The host compares the IP address to its internal routing table.
    B. The host performs ANDing on its subnet mask and the destination IP address comparing the result to its own network address.
    C. The host performs ANDing on the destination subnet mask and the destination IP address, comparing the result to its own network address.
    D. The IP address is verified to be local to its network via ICMP.
A
  1. B. The sending host ANDs its subnet mask against the destination IP address, then against its IP address, and this give a frame of reference for where it needs to go and where it is.
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11
Q 
11. What is the current method Cisco routers use for packet forwarding?
A. Process switching
B. Fast switching
C. Intelligent packet forwarding
D. Cisco Express Forwarding
A
  1. D. The current method of packet forwarding used by Cisco routers is Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF). CEF creates several cache tables used for determining the best route for the destination network.
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12
Q
  1. What is the process called at layer 2 when a packet hops from router to router and eventually to the host?
    A. IProuting
    B. Frame rewrite C. Packet hopping
    D. Packet switching
A
  1. B. The layer 2 process is called frame rewrite. When a packet hops from router to router, the destination frame is rewritten for the next destination MAC address.
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13
Q
  1. When a host sends an ARP request packet out, what is the destination address of the frame?
    A. The router’s MAC address
    B. The host’s MAC address
    C. The MAC address is in the form of a broadcast.
    D. The MAC address is in the form of a multicast.
A
  1. C. When a MAC address is unknown for the destination IP address or the default gateway, the ARP request is sent in the form of a broadcast.
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14
Q
  1. What does every network device use to limit the amounts of ARP packets?
    A. ARPcache
    B. IPmulticasting C. Frame casting
    D. IPcache
A
  1. A. Every host contains an ARP cache. This cache allows for lookups of MAC addresses for destination IP addresses when the host frequently sends packets to the destination. Therefore, there are fewer ARP packets.
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15
Q
  1. Which statement describes what happens when a packet enters a router?
    A. The router accepts all incoming frames regardless of their destination MAC
    address.
    B. The router decapsulates the packet and inspects the destination IP address.
    C. Routers do not need to decapsulate packets to inspect the destination IP address.
    D. Routers make routing decisions first by examining the source MAC address.
A
  1. B. After the frame is verified to be addressed to the router and the FCS has been checked, the router decapsulates the packet and strips off the frame.
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16
Q
  1. Which command will display the router’s ARP cache?
    A. Router#show arp
    B. Router#show arp table C. Router#show arp cache
    D. Router#show ip arp
A
  1. D. The command to display the router’s ARP cache is show ip arp.
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17
Q
  1. What is the default time an entry will live in the ARP cache?
    A. 180seconds B. 240seconds C. 300seconds D. 600seconds
A
  1. B. By default, all entries have a time to live, or TTL, of 240 seconds. They will be
    removed after that period if not used during the 240 seconds.
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18
Q
  1. What is the relevance of the default gateway address on a host?
    A. The destination IP address is replaced with the default gateway when the
    destination is remote.
    B. The host sends the default gateway packets that are deemed remote via a broadcast.
    C. The host sends an ARP packet for the default gateway when the destination is remote.
    D. The host creates a dedicated connection with the default gateway for remote traffic.
A
  1. C. When traffic is remote to the immediate network, the host sends an ARP packet for the IP address of the default gateway. This determines the destination MAC address for the frame.
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19
Q
  1. Which command will display the router’s routing table? A. Router#show ip route
    B. Router#show route
    C. Router#show route table
    D. Router#show routes
A
  1. A. The command to view the routing table is show ip route.
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20
Q
  1. Which type of routing allows for routers to share their routing tables with other routers in the network?
    A. Default routing B. Stubrouting
    C. Static routing
    D. Dynamic routing
A
  1. D. Dynamic routing allows for the population of routing tables from advertisements of other routers. There are several dynamic routing protocols, such as, for example, EIGRP, RIP, OSPF.
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21
Q
  1. Which statement describes what happens during the routing process?
    A. As a packet travels through the routers, the TTL of the packet will increase by one.
    B. When a route to the destination network is found, the router will attach the destination MAC address for the next hop to the packet.
    C. When a packet travels through the router, the transport information will be checked for the destination network.
    D. When a route to the destination network is found, the router will attach the destination IP address for the next hop to the packet.
A
  1. B. When a route is found in the routing table, the router will find the gateway for the next hop and change the packet’s destination MAC address for the next router.
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22
Q
  1. Which protocol allows for testing and connectivity of a route? A. IGMP
    B. RARP C. ARP
    D. ICMP
A
  1. D. The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a layer 3 protocol that allows for end-to-end testing with a command such as traceroute.
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23
Q
  1. Which command will clear the ARP cache of the local router?
    A. Router#clear arp
    B. Router#clear arp table C. Router#clear arp cache
    D. Router#clear ip arp
A
  1. C. The command clear arp cache will clear the ARP cache of a router. It is notable that the command clear arp-cache will clear the ARP cache of the local router as well as send a gratuitous ARP (GARP) for other devices to relinquish the ARP cache of the router’s address
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24
Q
  1. Which routing protocol is a distance-vector routing protocol?
    A. OSPF B. RIP
    C. EIGRP
    D. IGRP
A
  1. B. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector protocol.
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25. What uses ICMP to directly check the status of a router? A. SNMPtraps B. Notifications C. Ping D. ARP
25. C. The ping command uses ICMP to check the status of a router. It also gives the round-trip time of the packet.
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26. When an ICMP packet reaches a router for which is has no further route, what happens? A. The router will discard the packet without notification. B. The router will change the TTL of the packet to 0. C. The router will send the packet back to the originating host. D. The router will send back a destination unreachable message.
26. D. The last router will send an ICMP packet back to the originating host, which has the result code of destination unreachable.
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27. You have just used the ping command for a distant router. You received back five exclamation marks. What do these mean? A. The distant router is not responding. B. The distant router has a high response time. C. The distant router is responding. D. The distant router has a low response time.
27. C. When you’re using the ping command, the exclamation marks signify that the ping was successful and the router is responding.
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28. Which statement accurately describes a routing loop? A. Packets are routed out one interface but come back on a different interface. B. Packets are transmitted within a series of routers and never reach the destination. C. Packets reach the expiry TTL before reaching the destination network. D. Packets are routed via an inefficient path.
28. B. A routing loop occurs when packets are routed between two or more routers and never make it to their destination. Routing loops can occur with more than two routers; it is in effect making the packet travel in a loop till its TTL expires.
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29. Which routing protocol is a link-state routing protocol? A. OSPF B. RIP C. EIGRP D. IGRP
29. A. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state protocol. A link-state protocol tracks the state of a link between two routers and chooses the most efficient routes based upon the shortest path. EIGRP is an advanced distance-vector protocol.
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``` 30. Where are dynamic routes stored in a router? A. RAM B. Flash C. Startupconfiguration D. Running configuration ```
30. A. Dynamic routes are stored in RAM. When the power is taken away from a router, all routes must be repopulated by neighboring routers.
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31. When a static route is made, what is the default administrative distance? A. ADof1 B. ADof0 C. ADof2 D. ADof255
31. A. Static routes are highly trusted routes since an administrator created them. Therefore, they have the lowest administrative distance with a number of 1.
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32. You are examining a routing table and see a route marked with S*. Which type of route is this? A. Static route B. Default route C. Dynamic route D. OSPF route
32. B. Although this is a static route, it is a very special static route called a default route or gateway of last resort. The S signifies that it is static and the * signifies that it is the default route.
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34. What type of route is the destination of 0.0.0.0/0? A. Local route B. Dynamic route C. Default route D. Loopback route
34. C. The destination address of 0.0.0.0/0 is a special route called the default route or gateway of last resort. The 0.0.0.0/0 addresses all hosts, and if a specific route is not matched in the routing table, then this route is the last resort.
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37. You need to create a route for a network of 192.168.4.0/24 through the gateway of serial 0/1 on a 2621 router. Which is the proper command? A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0/24 serial 0/1 B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/1 C. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0/24 interface serial 0/1 D. Router(config)#ip route Router(config-rtr)#192.168.4.0/24 serial 0/1
37. B. The correct command sequence is ip route, followed by the network ID, the subnet mask, and then the gateway. In this case, the gateway is a serial line.
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38. You type into the router ip default-gateway 192.168.11.2. Why will traffic not route out the default gateway? A. Theipdefault-networkneedstobeusedinconjunctionwithipdefault- gateway 192.168.11.2. B. The command is only used for the management plane of the router itself. C. The command is used for dynamic routing only. D. The specified gateway is wrong.
38. B. The command ip default-gateway allows the management plane of the router to egress the network in which the router is configured upon through a different gateway.
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42. When you configure an IP address on a router interface, what happens to the routing table? A. The router creates a /32 route for the IP address. B. The router creates a summary address for the network. C. The router creates a routing update if dynamic routing is configured. D. All of the above
42. D. When an IP address of 192.168.1.1/24 is configured, for example, the router will create a summary route for 192.168.1.0/24 as well as a route for 192.168.1.1/32. Both of these changes to the routing table will trigger an update depending on which dynamic routing protocol is being used.
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43. You want to verify the IP addresses configured on the router. Which command will you use? A. Router#show ip B. Router#show ip interfaces brief C. Router#show interfaces D. Router#show ip brief
43. B. The command show ip interfaces brief will display all of the interfaces and their configured IP addresses.
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44. You configure a brand new IP address on a new router’s interface. However, when you look at the routing table, it does not show up. You see a link light on the interface. What is wrong? A. The interface is administratively shut down. B. The interface speed is incorrect. C. The interface bandwidth is not set. D. The route will not show up until you save the config.
44. A. A route for the interface will not be populated in the routing table until the interface is in an up/up status. If the link was disconnected, this would create the same symptoms.
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46. What is a benefit of static routing? A. Adding networks is an easy task for network administrators. B. It is suited for large networks because changes will not disturb routing. C. It reduces bandwidth used by router-to-router communications. D. It allows for configuration by any network admin in the network.
46. C. Static routing is suited for small networks, where the central admin has a good understanding of the network layout. It does reduce router-to-router communications because the overhead of routing dynamic protocols will not use up bandwidth.
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``` 47. Where are static routes stored? A. RAM B. Flash C. Startupconfiguration D. Routing database ```
47. C. When you configure a static route, it is stored in the startup-config, which is located on the NVRAM. When a router loads, the routes are held in RAM.
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48. You want to route 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24 to a destination address of 198.43.23.2. How can you accomplish this with one route statement so that other networks are not affected? A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 198.43.23.2 B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 198.43.23.2 C. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.240.0 198.43.23.2 D. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.240 198.43.23.2
48. C. The easiest way to accomplish this is to super-net the addresses together. The network of 192.168.0.0/30 or 255.255.240.0 would capture traffic for the range of 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.3.254.
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49. Why would you create a second route statement to the same network using a different administrative distance and different interface? A. If the first one fails to route to the destination, the second route will succeed. B. If the first interface goes down, the second route will become active. C. If there is a high amount of traffic on the first interface, the second route will become active. D. If there is a routing loop on the first interface, the second will overcome the loop.
49. B. Secondary routes with higher administrative distance are used for failover. If the physical interface fails, the route statement will be taken out of the routing table. Then the second route will become active.
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50. Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 208.43.34.17/29 is configured on an interface? A. S 208.43.34.17/32 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 208.43.34.24/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 208.43.34.8/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 D. S 208.43.34.17/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
50. A. The IP address of 208.43.34.17/29 belongs to the network of 208.43.34.16/29. In addition to the statement for the network which owns the IP address, the individual IP address will be configured as a local route with a /32.
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52. Why can a route have a destination of an interface rather than an IP address? A. Serial interfaces are point-to-point connections. B. The router on the other side of an interface routes all traffic discovered. C. Routing tables cause the destination address to change. D. All of the above
52. A. Serial interfaces are point-to-point connections. Any traffic directed down the interface will automatically appear on the adjacent router. Routers will not process traffic normally unless Proxy ARP is configured for the interface.
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55. Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 203.80.53.22/19 is configured on an interface? A. S 203.80.16.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 203.80.32.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 203.80.48.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 D. S 203.80.53.22/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
55. B. The IP address of 203.80.53.22/19 belongs to the network of 203.80.32.0/19.
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57. Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 194.22.34.54/28 is configured on an interface? A. S 194.22.34.48/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 194.22.34.64/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 194.22.34.54/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 D. S 194.22.34.32/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
57. A. The IP address of 194.22.34.54/28 belongs to the network of 194.22.34.48/28.
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58. You need to create a route for 205.34.54.85/29 and the next hop is 205.34.55.2. Which command would create this route? A. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.54.85/24 205.34.55.2 B. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248 205.34.55.2 C. Router(config)# ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.240 205.34.55.2 D. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.55.2 255.255.255.248 205.34.54.85
58. B. The network of 205.34.54.85/29 is written out as 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248. The next hop is 205.34.55.2, so the command would be ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248 205.34.55.2
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59. Which command will create a default route through Serial 0/0 for IPv6? A. Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0 B. Router(config)# ipv6 route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0 C. Router(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/0 D. Router(config)# ip route ::/0 serial 0/0
59. C. When entering IPv6 routes. you must use the command ipv6 route. It is then followed by the IPv6 prefix and mask and then the gateway. The default route would be ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/0.
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60. Which command would configure the route for an IPv6 network of FC00:0:0:1 with the exit interface of serial 0/0/0? A. Router(config)#ip route fc00:0:0:1 serial 0/0/0 B. Router(config)#ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0/0 C. Router(config)#ip route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0 D. Router(config)#ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1 serial 0/0/0
60. B. When configuring an IPv6 route, you use the ipv6 route command. You then must specify the network and mask using CIDR notation. Last, you specify the exit interface or next hop of serial 0/0/0. The complete command will be ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0/0.
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62. What is the administrative distance of RIP? A. ADof90 B. ADof100 C. ADof110 D. ADof120
62. D. The administrative distance of the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is 120.
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63. Why are administrative distances used with routing tables? A. Administrative distances define protocol standards. B. Administrative distances define reliability of routing protocols. C. Administrative distances allow for the shortest distance between routes. D. Administrative distances are programmed by the administrator for path selection.
63. B. Administrative distance is an order of reliability between dynamic routing protocols and static routes.
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64. What is the administrative distance of a directly connected network? A. TheADis0. B. TheADis1. C. TheADis5. D. Directly connected networks do not have an AD.
64. A. A directly connected network has an administrative distance of 0 and is the most highly reliable.
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65. What is the administrative distance of internal EIGRP? A. 90 B. 100 C. 110 D. 120
65. A. Internal EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90.
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67. What is the administrative distance of OSPF? A. 90 B. 100 C. 110 D. 120
67. C. The administrative distance of Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is 110.
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68. Which statement is true when there are multiple route statements from different routing protocols for the same destination network? A. The route is chosen with the highest administrative distance. B. The route chosen has the lowest metric. C. The route is chosen with the lowest administrative distance. D. The route chosen has the highest metric.
68. C. The routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance is always chosen. Within that protocol, if there are multiple routes to the same network, then the lowest metric is chosen.
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69. Which command will configure a static route with an administrative distance higher than RIP? A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 110 B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 130 C. Router(config)#ip route 110 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 D. Router(config)#ip route 130 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1
69. B. The administrative distance can be added to the end of the route statement. Since RIP has an administrative distance of 120, 130 will be chosen if the RIP route is not present.
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70. A router has three routes to the same network: one route from a RIP with a metric of 4, another from OSPF with a metric of 3053092, and another from EIGRP with a metric of 4039043. Which of the three routes will be used for the routing decision? A. EIGRP B. OSPF C. RIP D. All of the above
70. A. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) has the lowest administrative distance of the three protocols. Therefore, regardless of the metric, the lowest AD will always be chosen.
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71. Which is a correct statement about SVI inter-VLAN routing (IVR)? A. Latency is low with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of ASICs. B. Latency is high with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of resource use. C. SVI inter-VLAN routing is a cheaper alternative to ROAS. D. Bandwidth is limited compared to ROAS.
71. A. Latency is lower with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of the use of ASICs. This is usually why IVR switches are more expensive.
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72. Which is a disadvantage of using router on a stick (ROAS)? A. The lack of ISL support for VLANs B. The number of VLANs you can route is tied to the number of physical ports. C. Scalability of ROAS for the number of VLANs D. The lack of dynamic routing protocol support
72. C. The scalability of ROAS is a major disadvantage. It does not scale well when a large number of VLANs are configured.
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73. What is the purpose of issuing the command no switchport on a layer 3 switch? A. It configures a Switched Virtual Interface. B. It configures an access port. C. It configures a trunk port. D. It configures a port as a routed interface.
73. D. The command no switchport does the opposite of configuring a port as a switch port. It turns the port into a routed interface in which an IP address can be configured.
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74. Which is a correct statement about inter-VLAN routing (IVR)? A. Each VLAN requires a unique IP network. B. IVR reduces the number of broadcast domains. C. It does not support ACLs. D. IVR restricts the use of subnetting
74. A. The use of VLANs requires a unique IP network for each VLAN. This is how broadcast domains are increased, since all VLANs are behind a router interface (default gateway)
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75. You need to configure a router that has three interfaces to route five VLANs. Which method would you choose to accomplish this? A. Purchase another router with additional interfaces. B. Configure the router as a ROAS. C. Purchase a new router with five interfaces. D. Configure a dynamic routing protocol.
75. B. Router on a stick is created by configuring a trunk between the switch and the router. ROAS will receive tagged frames and route them, then send them back down the interface to the respective connected VLAN.
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76. Which command do you need to enter on a switch to allow routing between VLANs? A. Switch(config)#routing B. Switch(config)#ip router C. Switch(config)#ip routing D. Switch(config)#ip route
76. C. The ip routing command must be entered in global config. When this command is entered, a routing table will be created and populated.
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``` 77. What is the method of using a single router interface to route between VLANs called? A. Interface routing B. ROASrouting C. SVI routing D. Bridge routing ```
77. B. When a router’s interface is used to allow routing, the method is called router on a stick, or ROAS.
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78. When routing between VLANs with a router’s interface, which trunking protocol is always supported? A. 802.1x B. 802.1Q C. ISL D. VTP
78. B. 802.1Q is the trunking protocol that should be used for tagging VLANs when you are routing between VLANs on a router.
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79. What is a disadvantage of routing between VLANs on a router’s interface? A. Routers do not handle large amounts of traffic very well. B. When using ROAS, bandwidth problems are encountered. C. Security cannot be implemented with ROAS. D. Broadcast traffic is increased.
79. B. Bandwidth is often a consideration because everything you send to the router must come back on the same port for routing to work. Routing between two VLANs on a 1 Gb/s interface will allow for the bandwidth of 1 Gb/s up and 1 Gb/s down. When a third VLAN is introduced they must all share the 1 Gb/s.
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80. What is the method of routing between VLANs on a layer 3 switch? A. Interface routing B. ROASrouting C. SVI routing D. Bridge routing
80. C. When you perform inter-VLAN routing on a layer 3 switch, it is called Switched Virtual Interface (SVI) VLAN routing.
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81. Which command would configure the interface on the ROAS configuration as the native VLAN? A. Router(config-subif)#switchport native vlan 2 B. Router(config-if)#interface gi 0/1.2 native C. Router(config-subif)#native vlan 2 D. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 2 native
81. D. The command encapsulation dot1q 2 will associate the subinterface with VLAN 2. If you specify the native tag after the command, it will make this subinterface the native VLAN for the trunk.
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82. Which commands would you use to configure an IP address on an SVI? A. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#no shutdown B. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0/24 C. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0/24 Switch(config-if)#no shutdown D. Switch(config)#vlan 10 Switch(config-vlan)#ip address 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-vlan)#no shutdown
82. A. When configuring an IP address on an SVI, you must enter the interface of the VLAN. Once in the pseudo interface, you enter the ip address command and then enter no shutdown.
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83. When configuring ROAS, which mode must the switch port on the switch be configured to? A. Trunk mode B. Access mode C. Routedmode D. Switchedmode
83. A. When you are configuring a router on a stick, the switch port of the switch must be in trunk mode. This is so that traffic can be tagged as it gets sent to the router, which will see the tag and route it accordingly by the destination IP address.
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84. When configuring the subinterfaces on a router for ROAS, what is a best practice when naming the subinterface? A. Always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN name. B. Always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN number. C. Always name the subinterface the same as the default gateway address. D. Always name the subinterface the same as the switch’s interface number.
84. B. A best practice is to always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN number you are going to route. An example is if you are connected to Fa0/1 on the router, and you want to create an IP address on the subinterface for VLAN 2. Then you would name the subinterface Fa0/1.2.
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85. Which command enables the routers to direct the frames for a particular VLAN to the subinterface? A. Router(config-if)#interface gi 0/1.5 B. Router(config-subif)#vlan 5 C. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 5 D. Router(config-subif)#switchport access vlan 5
85. C. The command encapsulation dot1q 5, when configured inside of the subinterface, will program the subinterface to accept frames for VLAN 5.
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86. Which command must be entered on 2960-XR switches to enable IP routing? A. Switch(config)#ip lanbase B. Switch(config)#sdm prefer lanbase-routing C. Switch(config)#sdm lanbase-routing D. Switch(config)#sdm routing
86. B. On 2960-XR switches you must enable the Switching Database Manager (SDM) for LAN Base routing to enable routing. The switch then requires a reload before you can configure routable SVIs.
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87. You want to verify the configured SVI VLAN interfaces. Which command will show you the configured IP addresses on each of the SVI VLAN interfaces? A. Switch#show ip interface brief B. Switch#show interfaces status C. Switch#show svi D. Switch#show switchports ip
87. A. The same command used to verify physical interfaces on a router, is used to verify SVI interfaces on a switch. The command show ip interface brief will pull up the configured IP address on each VLAN interface.
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88. You enter the command ip address 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 on interface VLAN 2. When you enter the command, you receive a “Bad mask /24 for address” error. What is the problem? A. The subnet mask is incorrect. B. The subnet of 192.168.2.0 cannot be used for this interface. C. The IP address is invalid. D. The VLAN has not been configured yet.
88. C. The command ip address 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 only defines the 192.168.2.0 network. It does not specify a valid host IP address for the SVI
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89. You have purchased a layer 3 switch with the LAN Base feature. When you enter ip routing in global configuration mode, you receive an “Invalid input detected” error. What is the problem? A. There are no IP addresses configured on the switch. B. The SDM of LAN Base routing has not been enabled. C. There is not enough memory for routing tables. D. The IP Base feature is required.
89. B. The LAN Base feature supports IP routing between SVIs. However, it must be enabled first via the Switching Database Manager (SDM) by using the sdm prefer lanbase-routing command.
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90. You have a 3560 switch that supports layer 3 routing. You need to configure a physical interface to route a subnet. Which command needs to be used? A. Switch(config-if)#switchport routed B. Switch(config-if)#no ip-routing C. Switch(config-if)#no switchport D. Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
90. C. The no switchport will configure a physical port of a switch to act as a routed interface. Once the physical port is configured as a non-switch port, you will be able to configure an IP address directly on the interface.
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91. Which command will allow you to examine a switch’s port to see if it is routed or switched? A. Switch#show interface gi 0/2 switchport B. Switch#show interface gi 0/2 state C. Switch#show switchport interface gi 0/2 D. Switch#show status interface gi 0/2
91. A. The command show interface gi 0/2 switchport will show the state of a port. It will display if the port is switched or routed among several other attributes
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92. You need more bandwidth to your switch from the router. Currently you have one Gigabit Ethernet connection in use and both your router and switch have another available Gigabit Ethernet connection. What can you do to get more bandwidth? A. Nothing. Routers cannot aggregate bandwidth from multiple connections. B. Use RIP to balance the bandwidth. C. Bundle both Gigabit Ethernet connections in an EtherChannel. D. Use the switch to perform inter-VLAN routing.
92. C. You can build an EtherChannel between routers and switches to obtain more bandwidth when using ROAS. It is supported on certain models of routers, such as 7000, 7200, and 7500 routers.
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93. You need to configure ROAS on a router’s interface to route VLAN 5 with ISL. Which command will specify the encapsulation and achieve this? A. Router(config-if)#encapsulation 5 B. Router(config-if)#encapsulation isl 5 C. Router(config-subif)#switchport encapsulation isl 5 D. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation isl 5
93. D. The command encapsulation isl 5 configured in the subinterface will achieve this. It specifies the encapsulation as ISL and a VLAN of 5 that it will be tagged with.
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94. You have just configured a new VLAN and have configured the SVI with an IP address and no shutdown command on the interface. However, when you perform a show ip route, it does not show a valid directly connected route for the SVI. What is the problem? A. The VLAN is in a shutdown state. B. No interfaces have been configured with the new VLAN yet. C. TheshowiproutecommandwillnotdisplaySVIdirectlyconnectedroutes. D. No dynamic routing protocols have been configured.
94. B. After configuring a VLAN and the respective SVI interface, a route will not show until at least one port is configured with the new VLAN.
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95. Which of the following is a correct statement about Router On A Stick? A. Using a ROAS is a highly efficient alternative to routed SVIs. B. Using a ROAS is a cheaper alternative to inter-VLAN routing on a switch. C. A ROAS can only be used with 802.1Q. D. A ROAS is limited to a maximum of 16 routes.
95. B. Using Router On A Stick is a cheaper alternative to IVR if the current switch does not support layer 3 routing.
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96. Before configuring ROAS, which command should be entered in the interface connecting to the switch? A. Router(config-if)#ip routing B. Router(config-if)#no ip address C. Router(config-if)#ip encapsulation dot1q D. Router(config-if)#sdm routing
96. B. When configuring ROAS on a router’s interface, you should always issue the no ip address command. No IPs can be configured on the main interface. All IPs are configured on the subinterfaces
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97. You have configured a Router On A Stick and set up the switch to connect to the router. However, you cannot route between VLANs. Which command would you use on the switch to verify operations? A. Switch#show ip route B. Switch#show interface status C. Switch#show interface trunk D. Switch#show switchport
97. You have configured a Router On A Stick and set up the switch to connect to the router. However, you cannot route between VLANs. Which command would you use on the switch to verify operations? A. Switch#show ip route B. Switch#show interface status C. Switch#show interface trunk D. Switch#show switchport
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98. When configuring a router in an ROAS configuration, which command will enable the interface to accept frames tagged for VLAN 10? A. Switch(config-subif)#encapsulation vlan 10 dot1q B. Switch(config-if)#interface Fa 0/0.10 C. Switch(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10 D. Switch(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
97. C. Verifying the proper operation of the switch would start with verifying that the port is correctly set as a trunk to the router. If it is not set as a trunk, it would not be able to tag frames for the router to direct to the proper interfaces.
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99. Which statement is correct about ARP in relation to ROAS? A. Each physical interface has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests. B. Each subinterface has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests. C. Each IP address has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests. D. All of the above
99. A. When ROAS is implemented, only the physical interface has a unique MAC address. All ARP requests for the IP addresses configured on the subinterfaces respond with the same MAC address. They are not unique MAC addresses, but on each VLAN they are unique in the sense that no other machines on the VLAN share the same MAC address
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100. Which statement is correct about implementing ROAS? A. Each IP address is configured on the subinterface as the gateway for the VLAN. B. The main interface must be configured with the summary IP address for all VLANs. C. You must configure at least one native VLAN. D. All of the above
100. A. Each IP address on a subinterface is the routed gateway for the VLAN on that subinterface. The main interface should be configured with the no ip address command when ROAS is configured. The default native VLAN of 1 is configured on the switch side only unless you explicitly configure a native VLAN on the router.
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101. Which is a reason for using a dynamic routing protocol? A. You have a network with only a few routers and network per branch. B. You have a network with only a few VLANs and one router. C. You have a network with a large amount of VLANs and only one router. D. You have a network with a few VLANs and many routers.
101. D. The scalability of routes between routers should always be considered when choosing a static routing design vs. a dynamic routing design. A few VLANs over many routers creates a lot of work when a new VLAN is created and static routing is being used. However, when one router is being used, the administrative overhead is low.
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102. Which routing technique is a type of static routing? A. OSPF routing B. EIGRProuting C. Default routing D. RIProuting
102. C. Default routing is a form of static routing. It is used on the edge of a network to direct all traffic to the inner core of the network.
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103. Which is an advantage of using static routing? A. There is less administrative overhead. B. It is extremely secure. C. It can create resiliency in a network. D. It is extremely scalable without issues.
103. B. Static routing is extremely secure, because it does not need to broadcast or multicast routing updates. These updates can be intercepted or injected into a network to create problems.
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104. Which routing technique has the lowest bandwidth overhead? A. RIProuting B. OSPF routing C. EIGRProuting D. Static routing
104. D. Static routing has the lowest bandwidth overhead because there is no bandwidth required to maintain static routes.
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105. Which routing technique requires no administrator intervention when a route goes down? A. Dynamic routing B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing D. Static routing
105. A. Dynamic routing does not require any administrator intervention when routes go down. This is because dynamic routes send route notifications and recalculate the routing tables of all participating routers.
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106. Which routing technique requires increased time for configuration as networks grow? A. RIProuting B. OSPF routing C. Static routing D. Default routing
106. C. Static routing requires increased time for configuration as networks grow in complexity. You will need to update routers that you add with all of the existing routes in the network. You will also need to update all of the existing routers with the new routes you add with the new router
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107. Which routing technique requires the lowest amount of router RAM consumption? A. RIProuting B. OSPF routing C. Static routing D. Default routing
107. D. Default routing requires the least amount of RAM consumption because one routing statement is required for every route. This type of routing technique is best used on stub network routers.
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108. Which dynamic routing protocol has the lowest overhead? A. BGP B. OSPF C. RIP D. EIGRP
108. C. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) has the lowest overhead of all of the routing protocols. However, it is not very scalable, the maximum number of hops is 15.
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109. Which is an advantage of dynamic routing protocols? A. Resiliency when routes become unavailable B. Lower router RAM usage C. Lower router CPU usage D. Less bandwidth usage
109. A. The benefits of a dynamic routing protocol is that it creates resiliency when routes become unavailable. It does this by recalculating the best route in the network around the outage.
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110. Which type of routing technique allows for route summarization to be computed automatically by routers? A. Dynamic routing B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing D. Static routing
110. A. Most dynamic routing protocols will summarize routes. They do this for efficiency, so the least number of route statements will need to exist in the routing table.
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``` 111. Which routing technique requires administrator intervention when a route goes down? A. Dynamic routing B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing D. Static routing ```
111. D. Static routing requires administrator intervention when a route goes down. Default routing is generally used for stub networks where the only route out of the network is the default route.
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112. Which routing protocol broadcasts updates for routes? A. RIP B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
112. A. The Routing Information Protocol version 1 (RIPv1)broadcasts updates for routing tables.
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113. What is an advantage of dynamic routing protocols? A. Centralizedroutingtables B. Optimized route selection C. Ease of configuration D. Lower bandwidth utilization
113. B. Optimized route selection is a direct advantage of using dynamic routing protocols. A protocol such as OSPF uses the shortest path first algorithm for route selection
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114. You have several routes configured on a router. Which command will show only the static routes? A. Router#show static routes B. Router#show ip static routes C. Router#show ip routes static D. Router#show ip routes
114. C. The show ip routes static command will display all of the routes that are configured as static routes.
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115. Which routing technique is best suited for small networks in which the administrator wants control of routing? A. OSPF routing B. EIGRProuting C. Static routing D. RIProuting
115. C. Static routing is best suited for small networks in which there is not a lot of change. It should be chosen when administrators want absolute control over the routing process.
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116. Which protocol is a distance-vector protocol? A. RIP B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
116. A. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol. This is because RIP only advertises the discovered distance of a route and the metric is the number of hops.
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117. Which protocol is a true link-state protocol? A. RIP B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
117. B. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a true link-state protocol. Link-state protocols keep track of the state of the links as well as the bandwidth the link reports.
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118. Which protocol is considered a hybrid protocol? A. RIP B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
118. C. The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a hybrid protocol. It has features of a vector-based protocol and a link-state protocol, hence it is considered a hybrid protocol
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119. What is an attribute of distance-vector protocols? A. They track the status of routes learned. B. They re-advertise routes learned. C. Each router keeps its own topology database. D. Each router checks the routes it learns.
119. B. Protocols such as RIP re-advertise routes learned. This can be problematic since it is the equivalent of gossiping about what they have heard and nothing is checked.
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120. Which type of network are distance-vector protocols best suited for? A. Networks containing fewer than 255 routes B. Networks containing fewer than 15 routers C. Networks containing more than 15 routers D. Networks containing more than 255 routers
120. B. RIP, which is a distance-vector protocol, is best suited for networks containing fewer than 15 routers. This is because RIP is limited to a 15 hop count. Any route that is more than 15 hops away is considered unreachable.
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121. You have a network with varied bandwidths and need to choose a dynamic routing protocol. Which would you choose for optimal performance? A. RIPv1 B. RIPv2 C. EIGRP D. BGP
121. C. EIGRP metrics are bandwidth, delay, load, reliability, and MTU, while RIP is a distance-vector protocol and only takes hop count into consideration for the metric. BGP is not suited for optimal performance since a large amount of resources need to be dedicated for the protocol.
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``` 122. Which problem could arise from use of a distance-vector routing protocol? A. Routing loops B. Routercompatibility C. Complexity of configuration D. Default route propagation ```
122. A. Routing loops are the most common problem when you’re using a distance- vector routing protocol. Although they can occur with any dynamic routing protocol, distance-vector protocols are most susceptible due to how they converge routes.
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123. Which dynamic routing protocol uses the Dijkstra routing algorithm? A. RIP B. EIGRP C. OSPF D. BGP
123. C. The Dijkstra algorithm is used by OSPF to calculate the shortest path based on a cost calculation of the bandwidth of the link vs. distance vector, which is based on hop count.
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124. Why don’t link-state protocols suffer from routing loops like distance-vector protocols do? A. Link-state protocols require routers to maintain their own topology database of the network. B. Link-state protocols share the topology database between all routers. C. Link-state protocols allow routers to maintain a link-state database of all routers. D. Link-state protocols use multiple routes to the same destination.
124. A. Link-state protocols such as OSPF require all routers to maintain their own topology database of the network. This topology database is why routing loops are less likely to occur. Distance-vector protocols don’t really have a topology of the network and thus suffer from routing loops.
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125. Which dynamic routing protocol uses the Diffusing Update Algorithm as its routing algorithm? A. RIP B. EIGRP C. OSPF D. BGP
125. B. The Diffusing Update Algorithm, or DUAL, is used by EIGRP to calculate the best route for the destination network.
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126. Which is a disadvantage of distance-vector routing protocols? A. Router compatibility for RIP B. Slow convergence of routing tables C. Resource usage of CPU and RAM D. The complexity of RIP design
126. B. Slow convergence of routing tables is a major disadvantage for distance-vector protocols like RIP. It could take several announcement cycles before the entire network registers a routing change.
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127. What is an advantage of a link-state dynamic routing protocol? A. The only metric needed is hop count. B. Link-state dynamic routing protocols support CIDR and VLSM. C. OSPF requires only a small amount of resources such as CPU and RAM. D. Link-state dynamic routing protocols use triggered updates for recalculation of routing tables.
127. D. OSPF employs Link-State-Announcement (LSA) flooding and triggered updates. When these occur, every participating router will recalculate its routing tables.
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128. What type of network is best suited for a link-state routing protocol such as OSPF? A. Extremely small networks of three routers B. Networks with routers that have a limited amount of RAM and CPU C. Large hierarchical networks, like global networks D. Networks within organizations with limited training of network admins
128. C. Link-state protocols, such as OSPF are best suited for large hierarchical networks such as global networks, since they can separate out the participating routers with areas and border area routers.
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129. Which dynamic routing protocol uses the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm? A. RIP B. EIGRP C. OSPF D. BGP
129. A. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) use the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm to calculate the shortest path based on distance. The distance is computed from the shortest number of hops
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130. Which is a design concept used to stop routing loops with distance-vector dynamic routing protocols? A. Use of a topology database B. Use of holddown timers C. Use of anti-flapping ACLs D. Use of counting-to-infinity conditions
130. B. The use of holddown timers allows the convergence of the network routing tables. This is used to hold down changes to the routing table before convergence can happen and a routing decision is hastily made by RIP.
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131. Which is an exterior gateway routing protocol? A. RIPv1 B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
131. D. The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an exterior gateway routing protocol, which is used on the exterior of your network.
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132. Which protocol is a Cisco proprietary interior gateway protocol? A. RIPv1 B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
132. C. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a Cisco proprietary interior gateway protocol.
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133. Which statement is correct about interior gateway protocols (IGPs) vs. exterior gateway protocols (EGPs)? A. Interior routing protocols are used to exchange information between autonomous systems. B. Exterior routing protocols are used to exchange information between routers within an autonomous system. C. Interior routing protocols are used to exchange information between routers within an autonomous system. D. Exterior routing protocols are used in the core of an internal network.
133. C. Interior routing protocols are used internally inside of a network. The functional difference is that IGPs exchange information within an autonomous system, and EGPs exchange information between autonomous systems.
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134. How are routers managed with interior gateway protocols? A. Routers are grouped into autonomous systems. B. Routing protocols are redistributed between ASs. C. All routers use the same interior routing protocol. D. All network IDs are advertised with the same autonomous system number.
134. A. Routers are grouped into the same autonomous system (AS). When they are within the same AS, they can exchange information such as routes to destination networks and converge their routing tables
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135. Which statement is correct about interior gateway protocols? A. IGPs require a small number of resources, such as CPU and RAM. B. IGPs function within an administrative domain. C. An EGP is an example of an interior gateway protocol. D. IGPs use autonomous system numbers (ASN) that have been assigned by ARIN.
135. B. Interior gateway protocols function within an administrative domain. This administrative domain is defined with a common autonomous system number or area ID.
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136. Why would you need to use an exterior gateway protocol? A. You need to connect your company to the Internet. B. You have been delegated a large number of IP addresses. C. You want to achieve fast routing to the Internet. D. You are dual-homed with two different ISPs.
136. D. The only time you need to use an exterior gateway protocol such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is when you have a dual-homed connection between two ISPs. An example of this would be routing between the Internet and Internet 2. You would need to know the fastest path to the destination network via the Internet connection.
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137. You need to use BGP to advertise routes. Which do you need to obtain before you could use BGP? A. An autonomous system number from IANA B. An area ID from IANA C. The process ID from IANA D. ABGProutingpath
137. A. In order to use BGP to advertise a route, you must obtain an ASN, or autonomous system number, from IANA
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138. How are BGP routes calculated? A. The number of hops to the destination network B. The bandwidth to the destination network C. The shorted AS path to the destination network D. The most reliable path to the destination network
138. C. BGP uses the entire database of entries to calculate the entire autonomous system path to the destination. Then it routes the packet to the next router, which performs the same calculation using the shortest AS path or the least number of ASs the packet must traverse.
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139. Which is an example of an interior gateway protocol that is nonproprietary? A. EGP B. OSPF C. EIGRP D. BGP
139. B. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is an interior gateway protocol and a nonproprietary standard.
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140. You have several sites, each with different administrative units in your company. Which routing protocol should you choose? A. BGP B. OSPF C. RIPv2 D. EGP
140. B. Although you have different administrative units, all of the administrative units are in the same company. In this situation, it is recommended to use an interior gateway protocol that can segment each administrative unit. OSPF will perform this requirement with the use of area IDs.
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141. Which command will allow you to verify the IPv6 addresses configured on a router? A. Router#show ipv6 B. Router#show ip interfaces brief C. Router#show ipv6 interfaces brief D. Router#show ipv6 brief
141. C. The command show ipv6 interfaces brief will show all of the IPv6 addresses configured for each of the interfaces on the router.
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142. On interface Serial 0/1, you type ipv6 address 2000:db8:4400:2300::1234/64. Which statement is true? A. The router will calculate a network ID of 2000:0db8::. B. The IPv6 address of 2000:0db8:4400:2300:1234:0000:0000:0000/128 will be assigned to Serial 0/0. C. The router will calculate a network ID of 2000:0db8:4400:2300::/64 for Serial 0/0. D. The router will calculate a network ID of 2000:db8:4400:2300:0000/64 for Serial 0/0
142. C. The network ID of 2000:0db8:4400:2300::/64 will be calculated and assigned to the directly connected route of Serial 0/0.
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143. When you check the IPv6 addresses configured on the interfaces, you find two IPv6 addresses: One address is a 2001:db8::/64 address, and the other is an ff80::/64 address. However, you do not see a route statement for the ff80::/64 address in the routing table. Why? A. Multicast addresses do not get added to the routing tables. B. Link-local addresses do not get added to the routing tables. C. Only one route statement can be in the routing table at a time for an interface. D. Broadcast addresses do not get added to the routing tables.
143. B. The second address on an interface with the prefix of ff80::/64 is the link-local address for Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) and Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC). Link-local addresses are non-routable, so they will not get added to the routing table.
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144. Which command will show you the IPv6 routes in the routing table? A. Router#show ipv6 route B. Router#show ip route C. Router#show ipv6 route summary D. Router#show ipv6 route brief
144. A. The command show ipv6 route will display only the entries in the routing table for IPv6. The command show ip route will only display the entries in the routing table for IPv4
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146. Which command will only show you all of the directly connected routes for IPv6? A. Router#show ipv6 interface summary B. Router#show ipv6 route connected C. Router#show ipv6 interface brief D. Router#show ipv6 summary
146. B. The command show ipv6 route connected will display only the directly connected routes on the router.
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147. In the following exhibit, you need to configure Router B so that hosts on Network
147. C. The route statement ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/3/0 will route any network that is unknown by Router B to Router A via the exit interface of Serial 0/3/0.
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153. Which multicast address is used by OSPF for neighbor discovery? A. 224.0.0.4 B. 224.0.0.5 C. 224.0.0.6 D. 224.0.0.7
153. B. OSPF uses 224.0.0.5 for neighbor discovery via Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).
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155. Which statement is true about OSPF? A. OSPF is a distance-vector protocol. B. OSPF performs default auto-summarization. C. OSPF broadcasts changes to the routing tables. D. OSPF updates are event triggered.
155. Which statement is true about OSPF? A. OSPF is a distance-vector protocol. B. OSPF performs default auto-summarization. C. OSPF broadcasts changes to the routing tables. D. OSPF updates are event triggered.
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156. How do Cisco routers determine their router ID (RID)? A. The lowest IP address configured on the loopback interfaces B. The highest IP address configured on the router C. The lowest IP address configured on the router D. The highest MAC address configured on the router
156. B. The highest IP address configured on all of the loopback interfaces is chosen first. If a loopback is not configured, then the highest IP address on an active interface is chosen. However, if a RID is statically set via the OSPF process, it will override all of the above.
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157. What is the definition of an OSPF link? A. Two routers participating in OSPF routing B. Two routers that share the same area ID C. A routed interface added to the OSPF process D. Two routers that share the same AS number
157. C. A link is a routed interface that is assigned to a network and participates in the OSPF process. This link will be tracked by the OSPF process for up/down information as well as the network it is associated with.
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158. Which statement is correct about adjacency with OSPF on a broadcast network (LAN)? A. An adjacency is formed between routers on the same link. B. An adjacency is formed between the DR and every neighbor router on the same LAN. C. An adjacency is formed between the DR and every router in the same autonomous system. D. An adjacency is formed between the DR and every router in the same OSPF area.
158. B. Adjacencies are formed between the designated router (DR) and its neighbors on the same LAN. This is done to ensure that all neighbor routers have the same Link State Database (LSDB).
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159. How is a designated router elected for OSPF? A. The DR is elected by the highest priority and highest RID in the same autonomous system. B. The DR is elected by the lowest priority and highest RID in the same area. C. The DR is elected by the lowest priority and lowest RID. D. The DR is elected by the highest priority and highest RID in the same broadcast network.
159. D. The designated router is elected by the highest priority in the LAN. If the priorities are all the same, then the highest RID becomes the tiebreaker. OSPF will elect a DR for each broadcast network, such as a LAN. This is to minimize the number of adjacencies formed.
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160. In which database can you see all of the routers discovered in the OSPF network in which hello packets were sent and acknowledged? A. The routing table database B. The neighborship database C. The topological database D. The link state database
160. B. The neighborship database is where all of the routers can be found that have responded to hello packets. The neighborship database contains all of the routers by RID, and each router participating in OSPF manages its own neighborship database.
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161. Which is a correct statement about OSPF? A. OSPF uses autonomous systems for scalability. B. OSPF uses process IDs for scalability. C. OSPF uses areas for scalability. D. OSPF uses RID for scalability.
161. C. OSPF uses areas to create a hierarchal structure for routing. This structure begins with the backbone area of 0. All other areas connect to it to form a complete autonomous system. This enables scalability with OSPF, since each area works independently.
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162. Which is an example of a broadcast (multi-access) network? A. An X.25 network B. Frame Relay C. ATM network D. ALAN
162. D. A LAN is an example of a broadcast multi-access network. All nodes in a network segment can hear a broadcast and have common access to the local area network. In OSPF, a broadcast (multi-access) network requires a DR and BDR.
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163. Which multicast address is used by OSPF for communication between the designated router and adjacencies formed? A. 224.0.0.4 B. 224.0.0.5 C. 224.0.0.6 D. 224.0.0.7
163. C. The multicast address of 224.0.0.6 is used to communicate between the designated router and the adjacencies formed. This multicast address is used for LSA flooding on broadcast networks.
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164. What is the Cisco metric for OSPF? A. 108/bandwidth B. Delay,bandwidth,reliability,load C. K metrics D. Bandwidth
164. A. Cisco uses a metric for OSPF which is calculated as 108/bandwidth. This cost value is of 100 Mb/s (reference bandwidth) divided by the interface bandwidth.
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165. What does the command router ospf 20 configure? A. An OSPF router process of 20 B. An OSPF router area of 20 C. An OSPF router autonomous system of 20 D. An OSPF cost of 20
165. A. The command router ospf 20 configures a process ID of 20. This process identifies the databases for an OSPF process as well as its configuration. The process ID is only locally significant to the router on which it is configured. It can be an arbitrary number from 1 to 65535.
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``` 166. Which command will verify the bandwidth of an interface participating in OSPF? A. Router#show ospf B. Router#show interface C. Router#show running-config D. Router#show ospf interface ```
166. B. The command show interface will display the reported bandwidth or configured bandwidth of an interface. The command show ospf interface will only display the calculated cost.
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167. Which command will tune the cost of the OSPF metrics for integration with non- Cisco routers to participate in OSPF? A. Router(config-if)#ip cost 20000 B. Router(config)#ip ospf cost 20000 C. Router(config)#ip cost 20000 D. Router(config-if)#ip ospf cost 20000
167. D. When you’re configuring Cisco routers to participate in OSPF with non-Cisco routers, each interface on the Cisco router needs to be configured. The ip ospf cost command can be tuned between 1 to 65,535 and will need to be matched with the other vendor.
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168. Which command will configure a network of 192.168.1.0/24 for OSPF area 0? A. Router(config)#router ospf 0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 B. Router(config)#router ospf 0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 C. Router(config)#router ospf 0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 D. Router(config)#router ospf 1 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
168. D. The first command sets up the process ID of 1 via router ospf 1. The next command advertises the network of 192.168.1.0 with a wildcard-mask of 0.0.0.255 and specifies area 0 via network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0.
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169. What is the default number of equal-cost routes for OSPF on Cisco routers? A. 4routes B. 8 routes C. 16routes D. 32 routes
169. A. By default, Cisco routes will load-balance four equal-cost routes with OSPF.
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171. Which command will allow changing the number of equal-cost routes for OSPF? A. Router(config)#ospf equal-cost 10 B. Router(config-router)#ospf equal-cost 10 C. Router(config)#ospf maximum-paths 10 D. Router(config-router)#maximum-paths 10
171. D. The command maximum-paths 10 will configure a maximum of 10 routes of equal-cost for load balancing. This command must be entered under the OSPF router process.
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172. What is the maximum number of equal-cost routes that can be configured for OSPF on Cisco routers? A. 4routes B. 8 routes C. 16routes D. 32 routes
172. D. The maximum number of equal-cost routes that can be configured for load balancing with OSPF on a Cisco router is 32.
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173. Which command will allow you to verify the router’s RID for OSPF? A. Router#show ip ospf B. Router#show ip interface C. Router#show ip ospf rid D. Router#show ip ospf neighbor
173. A. The command show ip ospf will allow you to verify the currently configured router ID (RID) or the IP address acting as the router’s RID.
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174. You want to advertise a network of 192.168.1.16/28 with OSPF. Which wildcard mask will you need to use? A. 0.0.0.16 B. 255.255.255.240 C. 0.0.0.15 D. 0.0.0.240
174. C. The wildcard mask is 0.0.0.15 for a network advertisement of 192.168.1.16/28. A wildcard mask is a bitwise calculation that matches the bits that change. The /28 has subnets with multiples of 16. The easiest way to calculate wildcard masks for configuration is to subtract 1 from the subnet you are trying to match; for example, matching a subnet of 16 in the fourth octet minus 1 equals 15.
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175. Which command will allow you to verify if a remote router has formed an adjacency with the current router? A. Router#show ip ospf neighbor B. Router#show router adjacency C. Router#show ip ospf D. Router#show ip ospf router
175. A. The command show ip ospf neighbor will show all of the adjacencies formed as well as the routers discovered.
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176. What is the default OSPF hello interval in which hello packets are sent out on a broadcast (multi-access) network? A. 5 seconds B. 10seconds C. 30seconds D. 60seconds
176. B. The default hello interval is 10 seconds for a broadcast (multi-access) network such as a LAN
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177. You are running OSPF on a router. One of the interfaces, Gi0/1, connects to your ISP. You want to make sure you do not forward any OSPF packets to your ISP. How can you achieve this? A. Router(config-if)#passive-interface B. Router(config-router)#passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/1 C. Router(config)#passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/1 D. Router(config-if)#passive-interface default
177. B. The command passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/1 must be configured under the router process. This command will suppress hello packets from exiting the Gi0/1 interface.
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``` 178. Which command will help verify which interfaces hello packets are being sent out for OSPF? A. Router#show interfaces B. Router#show ip routes C. Router#show ip ospf interface D. Router#show ip ospf brief ```
178. C. The command show ip ospf interface will show all interfaces in which OSPF is configured and sending hello packets
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179. Which command will statically set the RID for OSPF and override all others? A. Router(config)#interface fa 0/1 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0 B. Router(config)#interface loopback 0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0 C. Router(config-router)#rid 192.168.1.5 D. Router(config-router)#router-id 192.168.1.5
179. D. Although all of these are valid methods of possibly setting the router ID (RID) of the router for OSPF, the configuration of router-id 192.168.1.5 will override all others.
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180. Which command(s) will only allow interface Gi0/2 to send hello packets for OSPF? A. Router(config-router)#active-interface gigabitethernet 0/2 B. Router(config-router)#passive-interface default Router(config-router)#active-interface gigabitethernet 0/2 C. Router(config-router)#passive-interface default Router(config-router)#no passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/2 D. Router(config-router)#passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/2
180. C. The command passive-interface default configured under the OSPF process will cease hello packets by default on all interfaces. The command no passive- interface gigabitethernet 0/2 will allow hello packets to exit the interface and allow Gi0/2 to become a neighbor.
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``` 181. After changing the router’s RID for OSPF, which command needs to be entered? A. Router#clear ip ospf B. Router(config-router)#shut Router(config-router)#no shut C. Router(config-router)#clear ip ospf D. Router#clear ospf ```
181. A. After the OSPF configuration is changed, OSPF needs to be restarted. This is achieved at the privileged exec prompt by typing clear ip ospf
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182. Which statement about OSPF area border routers is correct? A. ABRs sit between an autonomous system and OSPF. B. ABRs exchange Type 1 Link-State Advertisements between areas. C. ABRs exchange Type 2 Link-State Advertisements between areas. D. ABRs exchange Type 3 Link-State Advertisements between areas.
182. D. Type 3 Link-State Advertisements contain summary information about the networks on the other side of the ABR. These LSA announcements are called Summary Link Advertisements, or SLAs
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``` 184. Which command will allow you to see the summary of OSPF Link-State Advertisements? A. Router#show ip ospf database B. Router#show ip ospf states C. Router#show ip ospf neighbors D. Router#show ip ospf topology ```
183. B. The network IDs of 128.24.1.0/24, 128.24.2.0/24, 128.24.3.0/24, and 128.24.4.0/24 can be summarized as 128.24.1.0/22. The wildcard-mask for /22 is 0.0.252.255.
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186. Two routers, called Router A and Router B, are configured in the same area and share a common LAN. However, they cannot form an adjacency. What could the problem be? A. There is a static route configured between the two routers. B. Router A is configured with multiple area IDs. C. Router A is configured with a hello timer of 30. D. Router B is configured with a hello timer of 10.
186. C. The default hello interval on a LAN is 10 seconds. If a router is configured with a hello timer of 30, the hello/dead interval will not match. In order to form an adjacency, the hello/dead intervals must match
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187. Which is a direct benefit of a hierarchical OSPF design? A. Fast convergence B. Reduction of configuration complexity C. Increasedbandwidth D. Bettersecurity
187. A. Fast convergence of the Link State Database (LSDB) that feeds the routing tables, is a direct result of a hierarchical OSPF design. The use of areas allows for routers within an area to converge and send Summary Link Advertisements to other areas.
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190. You have configured a router with the following command. However, when you enter show ip routes you do not see any routes for OSPF. What is the problem? Router(config)#router ospf 255 Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 area 255 A. The process ID is incorrect. B. The area number is incorrect. C. The wildcard mask is incorrect. D. The network ID is incorrect.
190. C. The wildcard mask is incorrect because it is a bitmask, which is the opposite of a subnet mask. The 1s in the host section, rather than 1s in the network section, define the wildcard. The correct wildcard mask is 0.0.0.255 for this configuration
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192. Which state in the neighbor table indicates that the router has successfully downloaded the LSA information from a neighboring router? A. FULL state B. EXSTARTstate C. INITstate D. EXCHANGE state
192. A. The FULL state is only achieved after the router has created an adjacency with a neighbor router and downloaded the LSAs to form its topological database
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194. You have two links that enter the same OSPF router with the same bandwidth. You want to prefer one route over the other yet allow the second as a backup route. Which command would you use to achieve this? A. Router(config-router)#ip ospf priority 25 B. Router(config-if)#ip ospf route primary C. Router(config-if)#ip ospf cost 25 D. Router(config-router)#passive interface gi 0/0
194. C. The command ip ospf cost 25 should be configured on the interface that will act as the backup route. This adjustment of cost will allow the router to prefer the other route first.
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200. Which command will set the bandwidth of an interface to 2.048 Mb/s? A. Router(config-if)#bandwidth 2048 B. Router(config-if)#bandwidth 2048000000 C. Router(config-if)#bandwidth 2.048 D. Router(config-if)#bandwidth 2048000
200. A. Bandwidth is always specified in kilobits per second (Kb/s), so 2.048 Mb/s would be 2,048,000 bits per second, or 2,048 Kb/s.
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205. You enter a show ip route command and see the following line. What does the [110/1] identify? O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/1] via 192.168.10.6, 00:58:55, Serial0/3/1 A. Administrative distance of 110 and a 100 Mb/s link B. Administrative distance of 110 and a 10 Mb/s link C. Administrative distance of 1 and a 110 Mb/s link D. Administrative distance of 110 and a 1 Gb/s link
205. A. It identifies the administrative distance of 110 for OSPF. The cost calculation is the reference bandwidth of 100 Mb/s divided by the link bandwidth. This calculation would result in a cost of 1.
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206. Which command will start an OSPFv3 process with an ID of 4? A. Router(config)#router ospfv3 4 B. Router(config)#ip router ospfv3 4 C. Router(config)#ipv6 router ospf 4 D. Router(config)#router ospf3 4
206. C. The command ipv6 router ospf 4 will start an IPv6 process with an ID of 4. Most IPv6 commands will start with ipv6.
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207. Which IPv6 address does OSPFv3 use to communicate with designated routers? A. ff02::6 B. ff02::5 C. fe02::5 D. fe02::6
207. A. OSPFv3 used the multicast address ff02::6 to send communications to designated routers.
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208. When configuring OSPFv3, how do you configure the router ID? A. The router ID is configured as a 128-bit IPv6 address. B. The router ID is configured as the 64-bit host section of an IPv6 address. C. The router ID is configured as a 32-bit IPv4 address. D. The router ID is configured as a 48-bit MAC address.
208. C. When an OSPFv3 process is configured, the process will handle IPv6. However, the router ID is still configured as an IPv4 address.
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209. You are configuring an OSPFv3 process of 4 for an interface of Serial 0/0 with an IPv6 address of 2001:db8:1:2::1/64 in area 0. Which command will you use? A. Router(config-router)#network 2001:db8:1:2/64 area 0 B. Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 4 area 0 C. Router(config-rtr)#network 2001:db8:1:2/64 area 0 D. Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf area 0
209. B. With OSPFv3 IPv6 configuration, the duplication of long IPv6 network addresses can cause erroneous entries. So OSPFv3 is configured directly on the IPv6 link with the command ipv6 ospf 4 area 0.
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210. You have an interface of Serial 0/0, which is connected to your ISP. You want to suppress OSPFv3 LSAs on the IPv6 link to the ISP. Which command will you use? A. Router(config-rtr)#passive-interface serial 0/0 B. Router(config-router)#passive-interface serial 0/0 C. Router(config-if)#passive-interface D. Router(config-if)#ipv6 passive-interface
210. A. Configuring OSPFv3 for a passive interface it is similar to configuring OSPFv2. However, the configuration prompt for IPv6 is Router(config-rtr)#.
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211. You have a number of routers with 10 Gb/s and 1 Gb/s links running OSPFv3. You need to adjust the cost for all links on the router. Which command will allow you to achieve this with the fewest commands? A. Router(config-rtr)#auto-cost 10000 B. Router(config-rtr)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000 C. Router(config)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000 D. Router(config-rtr)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000000
211. B. The easiest way to achieve this is to change the reference bandwidth from 100 Mb/s to 10 Gb/s. This is done as a command in the OSPFv3 router process with the command auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000. This will adjust the reference- bandwidth for all links associated with this process ID.
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212. Which IPv6 address does OSPFv3 use to send LSA hello packets? A. ff02::6 B. ff02::5 C. fe02::5 D. fe02::6
212. B. OSPFv3 used the multicast address ff02::5 to send hello packets to neighbor routers.
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213. Which command will allow you to verify only OSPFv3 routes? A. Router#show ip route opsf3 B. Router#show ip route opsfv3 C. Router#show ipv6 route opsf3 D. Router#show ipv6 route ospf
213. D. The command show ipv6 route ospf will display only the OSPFv3 routes.
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214. Which command would you use to verify that the hello/dead timers match for OSPFv3? A. Router#show ip ospf interface B. Router#show ipv6 ospf interface C. Router#show ipv6 ospfv3 interface D. Router#show ipv6 database
214. B. The command show ipv6 ospf interface will display numerous stats about the interfaces participating in OSPFv3. One of the stats is the hello/dead timers.
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215. A common problem with IPv6 and OSPFv3 is MTU. Why is it a common problem with IPv6 and not IPv4? A. OSPFv3 ignores MTU settings. B. IPv4 fragments packets. C. IPv6 addresses are large and require jumbo frames. D. IPv4 uses TCP to transmit OSPF packets.
215. B. IPv4 allows for packet fragmentation. However, IPv6 does not fragment packets because at the layer 3 header there is no fragmentation functionality. So close attention needs to be made to link MTUs on adjacent neighbors.
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216. You need to configure OSPFv3 for the network 2001:db8:2:3/64 with an area of 0. Which configuration would you use? A. Router(config-rtr)#network 2001:db8:2:3/64 area 0 B. Router(config-router)#network 2001:db8:2:3/64 area 0 C. Router(config-if)#ip ospf 2 area 0 D. Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 0.0.0.0
216. D. The configuration of OSPFv3 for IPv6 is always done on the interface. Area 0 can be represented as 0.0.0.0, because the area as defined by the RFC is a 32-bit value. The Cisco IOS allows you to enter the last octet of the area or the whole 32-bit value.
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217. You begin to configure OSPFv3 but get the error % IPv6 routing not enabled. Which command needs to be entered? A. Router(config)#enable ipv6 B. Router(config)#enable ipv6 routing C. Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing D. Router(config)#enable ipv6 unicast-routing
217. C. You must enable IPv6 routing via the command ipv6 unicast-routing in order to use OSPFv3.
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218. You have configured OSPFv3 with a process ID of 5. You want to view only the OSPFv3 process ID of 5. Which command will achieve this? A. Router#show ip ospf 5 B. Router#show ipv6 ospf 5 C. Router#show ospfv3 5 D. Router#show ipv6 ospfv3 5
218. B. The command show ipv6 ospf 5 will only show the OSPFv3 process ID of 5.
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219. You have two routers that will not form an OPSFv3 adjacency. You’ve identified that the hello timer on Router B has been changed. Which command will rectify the problem? A. RouterB(config-if)#no ipv6 ospf hello-interval B. RouterB(config-if)#no ipv6 ospf hello timer C. RouterB(config-rtr)#no ipv6 ospf hello-interval D. RouterB(config-rtr)#no ipv6 ospf hello timer
219. A. The hello interval timer is configured per the interface, since broadcast (multi- access) would apply to a LAN interface vs. a non-broadcast multiple access (NBMA) network interface. The command no ipv6 ospf hello-interval will set the hello timer back to the original default value.
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220. After you configure a new router ID for an OSPFv3 process, which command must be entered for the change to take effect? A. Router#clear ipv6 ospf process B. Router(config)#restart ipv6 ospf process C. Router(config-if)#restart ipv6 ospf process D. Router(config-rtr)#clear ipv6 ospf
220. A. The command to restart the OSPFv3 process is performed at the privileged exec command prompt. The command to be entered for OSPFv3 would be clear ipv6 ospf process. You will then be asked to confirm it.
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223. When configuring OSPFv3, what is an alternative to specifying a router ID? A. Configuring a loopback interface B. Configuring the highest IP address on the network C. Specifyingthecommandipv6ospf1area0onanIPv4interface D. Specifyingthecommandrouter-idautoconfigure
223. C. When you configure the command ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 on an IPv4 interface, the IP address on the interface is used as the router ID.
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224. Which statement is correct about OSPFv3 vs. OSPFv2? A. OSPFv3 will advertise all networks configured on a link. B. OSFPv3 requires directed broadcast enabled on the router. C. OSPFv3 can run a maximum of four instances per router. D. OSPFv3 can load-balance links of unequal cost.
224. A. Unlike OSPFv2, OSPFv3 will advertise all of the networks that are configured on a link in which OSPFv3 is configured. This replaces the need to use the network command, which is used in OSPFv2.
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226. Which dynamic routing protocol is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol? A. RIPv2 B. BGP C. OSPFv3 D. EIGRP
226. D. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a Cisco proprietary dynamic routing protocol. Only Cisco routers can participate in EIGRP.
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``` 227. By default, which metrics are used by EIGRP to calculate path cost? A. Bandwidth and delay B. Bandwidth and MTU C. Bandwidth and reliability D. Bandwidthandhopcount ```
227. A. EIGRP can use bandwidth, delay, load, reliability, and MTU as the cost metrics. Default configuration of EIGRP only uses bandwidth and delay as the cost metrics, although others can be configured.
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228. Which is a requirement for EIGRP routers to create a neighborship? A. Matching bandwidth metrics B. Matching delay metrics C. Matching K metrics D. Matching areas
228. C. A requirement for routers to become neighbors is matching K metrics. The K metrics are values that can be adjusted for the EIGRP metrics of bandwidth, delay, load, reliability, and MTU.
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229. Which IPv4 multicast address is used by EIGRP? A. 224.0.0.5 B. 224.0.0.6 C. 224.0.0.10 D. 224.0.0.4
229. C. The Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP), which is part of EIGRP, uses 224.0.0.10 to send hello messages.
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230. What is the default formula for metric calculation for EIGRP? A. metric = ((107 / least-bandwidth) + cumulative-delay) * 256 B. metric = ([K1 * bandwidth + (K2 * bandwidth) / (256 – load) + K3 * delay] * [K5 / (reliability + K4)]) * 256 C. metric = least-bandwidth + cumulative-delay D. metric = least-bandwidth + cumulative-delay / 256
230. A. The default metric calculation for EIGRP is metric = ((107 / least-bandwidth) + cumulative-delay) * 256.
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231. Which condition must be met for two routers participating in EIGRP to become neighbors? A. Matching area numbers B. Matching autonomous system numbers C. Matchinghello/deadtimers D. Matching MTUs
231. B. A neighbor requirement is matching autonomous system numbers. The autonomous system number is EIGRP’s scalability mechanism.
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232. What is the default hop count of EIGRP? A. 15 B. 100 C. 255 D. Infinite
232. B. EIGRP has a default hop count of 100 hops before a packet is considered unroutable.
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233. What mechanism does EIGRP have for scalability? A. Reliable Transport Protocol B. Diffusing Update Algorithm C. Holddown timers D. Autonomous system numbers
233. D. EIGRP uses AS numbers to segment routing updates to an autonomous system. This provides scalability of the EIGRP routing protocol.
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234. How often are hello messages sent between EIGRP participating routers by default? A. Every 5 seconds B. Every 15 seconds C. Every 30 seconds D. Every 40 seconds
234. A. The default hello timer for EIGRP is 5 seconds. This is performed by RTP.
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235. When does the EIGRP protocol advertise the entire database? A. When a route update is sent B. Every 30 seconds C. Upon forming an adjacency D. Every 5 seconds
235. C. Upon forming an adjacency with its neighbor, EIGRP neighboring routers will send their entire database. After the initial load of the database, each router will watch for updates
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236. What is the maximum stable hop count for EIGRP? A. 15 B. 100 C. 255 D. Infinite
236. C. The default hop count is 100 for EIGRP. However, the maximum stable hop count is 255 hops before a route is considered undeliverable.
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237. Which table is used to feed information to the topology table with EIGRP? A. Neighbortable B. Routing table C. RTPtable D. Feasibility table
237. A. Hello packets and the RTP table help to build the neighbor table. In return, the neighbor table sends this information to the topology table.
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238. Which mechanism does RTP use if an established neighbor does not respond to a multicast hello packet for EIGRP? A. Holddown timers B. Unicast packets C. Hello packet proxy D. Broadcasts
238. B. If an established neighbor does not respond to its multicast hello packet, the router will send unicast packets. After 16 missed unicast packets, the neighbor will be declared dead. This process is called reliable multicast.
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239. What happens when a hold interval for EIGRP has expired? A. The hello message is retransmitted via unicast packets. B. The hello message is retransmitted via broadcast packets. C. The neighbor is considered down. D. The link is considered down.
239. C. When the hold interval has expired and a hello message has not been seen, the neighboring router is considered down or failed.
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240. How many equal-cost links can EIGRP load-balance? A. 4links B. 8 links C. 16links D. 32 links
240. A. By default, EIGRP can load balance up to 4 equal-cost links.
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241. Which routing algorithm does EIGRP use? A. Shortest Path First B. Dijkstra C. Bellman-Ford D. DUAL
241. D. EIGRP uses the Diffusing Update Algorithm to calculate route cost.
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242. After a router has been acknowledged, which table is built from the network routes discovered for the EIGRP protocol? A. The neighbor table B. The topology table C. The routing table D. The adjacency table
242. B. After the neighbor process has been established, the routers will exchange full topology tables with each other. These topology tables are sent in full, then maintained only by partial updates if a route changes.
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243. A router has learned two routes to the same network. EIGRP has a route to the destination network with a cost of 202342520. OSPF has a route to the destination network with a cost of 64. Which route will be used to the destination network? A. The OSPF route with a cost of 64 B. The EIGRP route with a cost of 202342520 C. Both routes will be used with load balancing. D. The routes will be used in a spill and fill configuration.
243. B. The cost of the link between routing protocols is irrelevant. The administrative distance (AD) of EIGRP is 90, and the AD of OSPF is 110. Therefore, the lowest AD routing protocol is used. If the EIGRP route becomes invalid or is removed from the routing table, then OSPF will be used.
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244. What is the default hold interval for EIGRP? A. 5 seconds B. 15 seconds C. 30seconds D. 40seconds
244. B. The EIGRP hold interval by default is three times the hello interval. Since the hello interval is 5 seconds, the hold interval is 15 seconds. Hold intervals are usually three times the initial discovery interval.
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245. Which metric is considered to be infinite for an EIGRP route in which the router will not try to route packets to the destination network? A. 15 hops B. 255 hops C. 224 – 1 D. 232–1
245. D. EIGRP metrics are not based on hops. EIGRP metrics are based on bandwidth and delay as a composite metric. The metric can be a very large number, but the limit to this metric in which the route is considered invalid is 232 – 1.
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246. Which statement is correct about EIGRP and how it works with updates? A. EIGRP sends its full routing table during each hello interval. B. EIGRP sends its link state during each hello interval. C. EIGRP sends its full routing table every 30 seconds. D. EIGRP sends changes to routes only when they are detected.
246. D. EIGRP only sends updates if a route has changed. Updates happen only after two routers have become neighbors and originally send their full route database and converge. If changes have not occurred, then the neighbor believes the route is still valid, under the condition that they are still neighbors.
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247. Which table is a router added to when it acknowledges a hello packet for EIGRP? A. The neighbor table B. The topology table C. The routing table D. The adjacency table
247. A. When a router acknowledges a hello packet from a neighboring router, the router is added to the neighbor table of the router that sent the hello packet.
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248. Which is a condition that must be met for a router to become a neighbor router for EIGRP? A. Both routers have the same hello/hold interval. B. Both routers are on the same subnet. C. Both routers have the same area ID. D. Both routers have the same link types.
248. B. Although two routers can have different hello/hold intervals, they could still become neighbors. However, to do so they must be on the same subnet.
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249. What is the definition of the reported distance for EIGRP? A. The local router’s calculated metric for the remote network B. The remote router’s calculated metric for the remote network C. The local router’s calculated metric for the local network D. The remote router’s calculated metric for the local network
249. B. The reported distance is the remote router’s calculated metric for the remote network. EIGRP uses this reported distance in its calculation for a feasible successor route.
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250. Which route will be entered into the routing table from EIGRP calculation of metrics? A. The feasible successor route B. The feasible distance route C. The successor route D. The reported distance route
250. C. After DUAL calculates the metrics of the topology table, a successor route is calculated using the feasible distance. This route is populated into the routing table. A feasible successor route is also calculated based upon the reported distance and feasible distance
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251. Which table does EIGRP use to calculate the feasible distance of a remote route? A. The neighbor table B. The topology table C. The routing table D. The adjacency table
251. B. The topology table is used to calculate the feasible distance of a remote network. The DUAL routing algorithm interacts with the topology table to calculate this metric.
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``` 253. Which command will create a routing process for EIGRP using an autonomous system number (ASN) of 20? A. Router(config)#eigrp 20 B. Router(config)#ip eigpr 20 C. Router(config)#router eigrp 20 D. Router(config)#router eigrp asn 20 ```
253. C. The command to configure EIGRP with an ASN of 20 is router eigrp 20.
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254. What is the default variance of EIGRP? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 128
254. B. The default variance is a value of 1 by default. This is because the variance is a multiplier that is applied to the feasible distance. All EIGRP routers multiply the feasible distance by 1 by default.
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255. Which command will change the router ID of an EIGRP router? A. Router(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 B. Router(config-router)#eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2 C. Router(config)#eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2 D. Router(config)#ip eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2
255. B. The command eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2 configured in the sub-command of the router process will change the router ID to 2.2.2.2.
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256. Which command should be used when configuring networks with discontiguous IP addresses for EIGRP? A. Router(config-router)#network discontiguous B. Router(config-router)#no auto-summary C. Router(config)#network discontiguous D. Router(config)#no auto-summary
256. B. The command no auto-summary will stop the router process of EIGRP from auto-summarizing network addresses. In a discontiguous network, this is problematic and should be turned off
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257. Which command will advertise the network 192.168.1.0/24 for an EIGRP ASN of 20? A. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 B. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 C. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0/24 D. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 20
257. A. The command network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 will advertise the network of 192.168.1.0/24 for EIGRP with an ASN of 20. The .0.0.255 is a wildcard mask and matches bits in the last octet of the IP address.
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259. You need to verify the adjacent routers participating in EIGRP. Which command will allow you to see the adjacent routers? A. Router#show ip eigrp B. Router#show ip eigrp adajcent C. Router#show ip eigrp database D. Router#show ip eigrp neighbors
259. D. The command show ip eigrp neighbors will allow you to inspect the routers that have created an adjacency with the current router you are working on.
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260. Which command will allow you to inspect the K metrics for EIGRP? A. Router#show ip protocols B. Router#show ip eigrp interfaces C. Router#show ip eigrp detail D. Router#show ip eigrp neighbors
260. A. The command show ip protocols will allow you to see specifics about the configured routing protocols. In the details of the output will be the K metrics for EIGRP.
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261. You need to suppress EIGRP hello advertisements on the interface connecting you to your ISP. Which command will suppress EIGRP hello packets? A. Router(config-if)#eigrp 20 passive-interface B. Router(config-if)#eigrp passive-interface C. Router(config-router)#passive-interface serial 0/0 D. Router(config-if)#ip eigrp 20 suppress-hello
261. C. The command passive-interface serial 0/0 configured inside the router process for EIGRP will set the Serial 0/0 as a passive interface. This will suppress EIGRP hello packets exiting the interface.
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``` 262. You want to confirm a Feasible-Successor route for EIGRP. Which command will allow you to verify this? A. Router#show ip route eigrp B. Router#show ip eigrp topology C. Router#show running-configuration D. Router#show ip eigrp route ```
262. B. The command show ip eigrp topology will allow you to see the calculated metrics for routes inside of the EIGRP topology table. For each network, the number of successors will be displayed. This information will help verify a feasible successor for a particular network.
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``` 263. You have two paths you want to load-balance that have slightly different delays. Which command will allow you to tune the unequal paths so they will load-balance with EIGRP? A. Router(config-if)#variance 2 B. Router(config-router)#variance 2 C. Router(config-if)#variance 2 asn 20 D. Router(config-if)#variance 20 2 ```
263. B. The variance command is configured in the router instance of EIGRP. The command variance 2 configures the router variance with a multiplier of 2.
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264. When is the command no passive-interface serial 0/0 used with EIGRP? A. When you want to suppress hello packets exiting on interface serial 0/0 B. When you want to suppress hello packets from entering interface serial 0/0 C. When you want to allow hello packets exiting on interface serial 0/0 D. When you want to allow hello packets to enter interface serial 0/0
264. C. The command no passive-interface serial 0/0 is used when either passive- interface serial 0/0 or passive-interface default has been used in the router instance.
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``` 268. Which mechanism in EIGRP allows for EIGRP to support multiple protocols? A. Reliable Transport Protocol B. Protocol-dependent module C. Diffusing Update Algorithm D. Auto-summarization ```
268. B. The protocol-dependent module (PDM) allows for multiple protocols to be supported with EIGRP. This allows for the same algorithm and methodology to be applied and for PDM-compliant modules such as IPv6, IP, and IPX to be used.
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269. Two routers, Router A and Router B, will not form an adjacency with EIGRP. You discover that someone configured a custom K metric. Which command will configure the router’s K metrics back to their default setting? A. Router(config-router)#metric 0 0 0 0 0 B. Router(config-router)#no k-metric C. Router(config-router)#no metric weights D. Router(config-router)#metric weights 1 1 1 1 1
269. C. The command to configure the K metrics back to their default setting is no metric weights. This command should be entered in the router instance. The default metrics are K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0.
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270. Which command will allow you to verify the routes advertised by EIGRP? A. Router#show ip protocols B. Router#show ip eigrp database C. Router#show ip eigrp neighbors D. Router#show ip eigrp topology
270. A. The command show ip protocols will display the networks that are being advertised on the current router.
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271. What is the IPv6 address for EIGRPv6 neighbor discovery? A. ff02::6 B. ff03::5 C. ff02::a D. ff03::c
271. C. The multicast address for neighbor discovery for EIGRPv6 is ff02::a.
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272. Which command must be entered before EIGRPv6 can be configured? A. Router(config)#enable ipv6 B. Router(config)#enable ipv6 routing C. Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing D. Router(config)#enable ipv6 unicast-routing
272. C. The ipv6 unicast-routing command must be entered first to enable the IPv6 protocol stack for routing.
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273. Which command must be entered to start the EIGRPv6 router instance? A. Router(config-rtr)#no shutdown B. Router(config-rtr)#run C. Router(config-rtr)#start eigrp D. Router(config)#ipv6 eigrp 10
273. A. The command no shutdown must be entered in the router instance to start EIGRPv6. By default, it is shut down
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274. You have configured EIGRPv6 with an ASN of 10. Which command will add networks to be advertised? A. Router(config-rtr)#interface serial 0/0 B. Router(config-rtr)#network 2001:db8:2:3::1/64 C. Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10 D. Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp asn 10
274. C. When configuring EIGRPv6 to avoid erroneous duplication of IPv6 addresses, the interface is added to the EIGRPv6 routing process. This advertises all networks that are configured on the interface
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275. When configuring a router with EIGRPv6 and only IPv6 is configured on the router, which command is necessary for EIGRPv6 operations? A. Router(config-rtr)#router id 1.1.1.1 B. Router(config)#router-id 1.1.1.1 C. Router(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1 D. Router(config-if)#eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
275. C. The command router-id 1.1.1.1 is required for EIGRPv6 operations. This command must be configured in the EIGRPv6 routing instance. The IPv4 address is the router’s ID, since EIGRPv6 requires an IPv4 router ID
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276. You have configured EIGRPv6 on a router that also faces your Internet service provider. Which command should you use to restrict hello packets from being directed to the ISP? A. Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10 passive-interface B. Router(config-rtr)#passive-interface serial 0/0 C. Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp passive-interface D. Router(config-rtr)#ipv6 passive-interface serial 0/0
276. B. The command to restrict hello packets from exiting the serial 0/0 interface is passive-interface serial 0/0 entered in the EIGRPv6 router instance.
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``` 277. You want to verify the K metrics that EIGRPv6 is using. Which command will display the K metrics? A. Router#show running-configuration B. Router#show ip protocols C. Router#show ipv6 eigrp interfaces D. Router#show ipv6 protocols ```
277. D. The command show ipv6 protocols will display the routing protocols running with IPv6. In the output of the EIGRPv6 instance, the K metrics will be displayed. Although show running-configuration will display the configured K-metrics, it will not show the default configuration.
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279. Which command will show only the EIGRPv6 routes? A. Router#show ipv6 route B. Router#show ipv6 route eigrp C. Router#show ipv6 eigrp D. Router#show ipv6 eigrp route
279. B. The command show ipv6 route eigrp will display only the EIGRPv6 route
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280. You need to verify the interfaces that are participating in EIGRPv6. Which command will show this? A. Router#show ipv6 interface B. Router#show ipv6 eigrp neighbors C. Router#show ipv6 eigrp topology D. Router#show ipv6 protocols
280. D. The command show ipv6 protocols will display the routing protocols for IPv6. Included in this output are the interfaces participating in EIGRPv6.
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281. Which command will change the hello timer for EIGRPv6 ASN from 10 to 5 seconds? A. Router(config)#ip hello-timer eigrp 10 5 B. Router(config)#ipv6 hello- interval eigrp 10 5 C. Router(config-rtr)#ipv6 hello-interval eigrp 5 D. Router(config-if)#ipv6 hello-interval eigrp 10 5
281. D. The command ipv6 hello-interval eigrp 10 5 will change the hello timer. It must be entered in the interface on which you want to change the hello interval.
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282. Which statement is true for EIGRP but not for EIGRPv6? A. Interfaces must be on the same subnet for an adjacency to form. B. K metrics must match for an adjacency to form. C. Hello and holddown timers must match for an adjacency to form. D. Router IDs must match.
282. A. Interfaces for EIGRP must be on the same subnet for an adjacency to form. However, that is not a requirement for EIGRPv6.
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283. You need to calculate a variance for EIGRPv6. Which table will allow you to calculate the variance for unequal-cost load balancing? A. Router#show ipv6 eigrp adjacency B. Router#show ipv6 eigrp topology C. Router#show ipv6 eigrp interfaces D. Router#show ipv6 eigrp neighbors
283. B. The command show ipv6 eigrp topology will allow you to verify the metrics. From this, you can calculate the variance multiplier for unequal-cost load balancing.
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286. What is the maximum hop count for RIP? A. 15 hops B. 100hops C. 255 hops D. 16hops
286. A. The maximum hop count for RIP is 15. A hop count over 15 hops is considered unroutable or unreachable.
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287. Which statement is true about RIPv2 advertisements? A. RIPv2 allows for neighborship through hello packets. B. RIPv2 broadcasts only updates on all active interfaces. C. RIPv2 multicasts the full routing table every 30 seconds. D. RIPv2 multicasts the full routing table every 60 seconds.
287. C. By default, RIPv2 multicasts the full routing table on all active interfaces every 30 seconds.
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288. Which metric does RIPv2 use to calculate routes? A. Delay B. Bandwidth C. Hopcount D. Bandwidth and delay
288. C. RIPv2 uses hop count to calculate routes. When a router sends its routing table, the next router adds a +1 to the metric for the entries in the table.
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289. Which multicast address does RIPv2 use for advertising routes? A. 224.0.0.5 B. 224.0.0.9 C. 224.0.0.6 D. 224.0.0.2
289. B. RIPv2 uses the multicast address of 224.0.0.9 to advertise routes.
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``` 290. When RIP is configured on a router, what must be configured to allow for classless routing? A. Router(config)#ip classless B. Router(config)#router rip v2 C. Router(config-router)#ip classless D. Router(config-router)#version 2 ```
290. D. When you’re configuring RIP on a router, the RIP process will default to RIPv1, which is classful. The command version 2 must be configured in the router instance of RIP to allow for RIPv2.
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291. You need to configure the advertisement of the network 192.168.1.0/24 for RIPv2. Which command will achieve this? A. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 B. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 C. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0/24 D. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
291. A. The command network 192.168.1.0 will configure the RIPv2 route process to advertise the network 192.168.1.0.
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292. Which command will allow you to see the next advertisement interval for RIPv2? A. Router#show ip protocols B. Router#show ip rip database C. Router#show ip rip D. Router#show ip interface
292. A. The command show ip protocols will display the next interval when RIPv2 advertisements are sent out.
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293. Which command will allow you to inspect RIPv2 calculations for routes discovered? A. Router#show ip protocols rip B. Router#show ip rip database C. Router#show ip interface D. Router#show ip rip topology
293. B. The command show ip rip database will display all of the discovered routes and their calculated metrics.
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294. You have RIPv2 configured on an Internet-facing router. Which command will propagate the default route to all other RIPv2 routers? A. Router(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 B. Router(config-router)#default-route advertise C. Router(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 default D. Router(config-router)#default-information originate
294. D. The command default-information originate will advertise the default route to all other RIPv2 routers.
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295. Which command will allow you to inspect RIPv2 advertisements? A. Router#show ip protocols B. Router#debug rip C. Router#show ip rip D. Router#debug ip rip
295. D. The command debug ip rip will allow you to see advertisements in real time.
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296. You need to advertise the routes of 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24, and 192.168.3.0/24. Which configuration will achieve this? A. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0 B. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 C. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0/16 D. Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
296. B. The three Class C networks need to be advertised separately. RIPv2 uses the default class network mask when configuring networks.
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297. You have RIPv2 configured on an Internet-facing router. Which command will suppress RIPv2 advertisements on the interface link? A. Router(config-if)#ip rip passive-interface B. Router(config-if)#rip passive-interface C. Router(config-router)#passive-interface serial 0/0 D. Router(config-if)#ip rip suppress-advertisement
297. C. The command passive-interface serial 0/0 configured in the router instance will suppress updates from exiting interface Serial 0/0.
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298. What is the default invalid timer for RIPv2? A. 60seconds B. 90seconds C. 180seconds D. 240seconds
298. C. The default invalid timer for RIP is 180 seconds. This holddown timer is six times the advertisement interval of 30 seconds.
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299. Which is a problem with using RIPv2 in a network? A. Complex configuration B. Slow convergence C. The use of broadcasts D. Routing support for classless networks
299. B. RIPv2 has extremely slow convergence time. This is because the advertisement of routes is every 30 seconds. So a router four hops away potentially could take 120 seconds before discovering the route.
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300. Which technique is used to stop routing loops with RIPv2? A. Split horizons B. Advertisement intervals C. Zoning D. Invalidtimers
300. A. Split horizons are used to stop routing loops with RIPv2. Split horizons prevent a router from advertising a route to a router in which the original route was discovered.
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301. Which algorithm does RIPv2 use to calculate routes? A. Shortest Path First B. Dijkstra C. Bellman-Ford D. DUAL
301. C. RIPv2 uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm to calculate its metrics.
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302. Which command will need to be configured for support of discontinuous networks? A. Router(config-router)#network discontiguous B. Router(config)#network discontiguous C. Router(config)#no auto-summary D. Router(config-router)#no auto-summary
302. D. The command no auto-summary will stop the router process of RIPv2 from auto-summarizing network addresses. In a discontiguous network, this is problematic and should be turned off.
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303. Which command configures RIPv2 on a router and advertises a network of 192.168.20.0/24? A. Router(config)#ip router ripv2 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 B. Router(config)#router rip Router(config-router)#version 2 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 C. Router(config)#router rip Router(config-router)#version 2 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 D. Router(config)#ip router rip Router(config-router)#version 2 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
303. B. Configuring RIPv2 begins with configuration of the router instance of RIP via the command router rip. RIPv2 is configured inside of the router instance with the command version 2. Then the network of 192.168.20.0/24 is advertised with the command network 192.168.20.0.
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304. What is the purpose of the RIPv2 holddown timer? A. Holddown timers allow for time between when a route becomes invalid and it is flushed from the routing table. B. Holddown timers allow for time between when a route has become unreachable and when it can be updated again. C. Holddown timers define the time when a route becomes invalid. D. Holddown timers define the time when a valid route is present in the routing table.
304. B. The holddown timer’s job is to allow the network to stabilize after a route had become unreachable via an update. This limits the potential problems related to a flapping port and allows RIPv2 to converge route updates in the entire network.
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306. What is the default number of equal-cost routes RIPv2 will load balance? A. 2 routes B. 4routes C. 8 routes D. 16routes
306. B. The default number of routes that RIPv2 will load balance is a total of 4.
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307. Which protocol will support IPv6 for RIP? | A. RIPv1 B. RIPv2 C. RIPv6 D. RIPng
307. D. RIPng is the next generation of the RIP protocol for use with IPv6.
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308. Which command will display which routes the RIPv2 router is advertising? A. Router#show ip route B. Router#show ip rip database C. Router#show ip rip D. Router#show ip interface
308. B. The command show ip rip database will display the routes being advertised by RIPv2. These routes will be identified with the directly connected statement.
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309. How would you configure a router to use split horizons for RIPv2? A. Router(config)#ip rip split-horizon B. Router(config-if)#ip split-horizon C. Router(config-router)#ip split-horizon D. Router(config-router)#rip split-horizon
309. B. The command ip spilt-horizon configured on the interface will configure split-horizon processing for RIPv2.
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``` 311. Which command will allow you to check basic connectivity at layer 3? A. Router#show ip route B. Router#ping 192.168.4.1 C. Router#pathping 192.168.4.1 D. Router#ip ping 192.168.4.1 ```
311. B. The ping command will allow basic connectivity testing at layer 3.
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312. Which command will allow you to see the path on which a packet gets routed to its destination? A. Router#show ip route B. Router#tracert 192.168.7.56 C. Router#pathping 192.168.7.56 D. Router#traceroute 192.168.7.56
312. D. The command traceroute will allow you to verify the path on which a packet gets routed.
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313. You perform a ping to a host on the network. However, the first packet is dropped. Why did the first packet drop? A. The local router dropped the first packet. B. The routing table was updating. C. The ARP request timed out the ping packet. D. The remote router dropped the first packet.
313. C. The ARP request took time for the ARP reply, and during this time, the ICMP timeout threshold was exceeded. This is common on a router, and the following pings should not time out unless the ARP entry is cleared after its TTL expires.
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``` 314. Which command on Windows will allow you to verify your IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and MAC address? A. C:\>ipconfig B. C:\>ipstatus C. C:\>ipconfig /all D. C:\>hostname ```
314. C. The command ipconfig /all will help you verify the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and MAC address of your computer. The command of ipconfig doesn’t show the MAC address.
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315. Which command on Windows will allow you to verify the path a packet gets routed through on the network? A. C:\>tracert 198.78.34.2 B. C:\>ping 198.78.34.2 C. C:\>traceroute 198.78.34.2 D. C:\>route print
315. A. The Windows command for tracing a route is tracert.
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316. You ping from a router to another router and receive back !!!!!. What does this mean? A. All packets have been dropped. B. All packets are successfully acknowledged. C. There is congestion in the path. D. The packets were received, but after the ICMP timeout.
316. B. When you see an exclamation mark, it means that the packets were successfully acknowledged on the other side and an ICMP response was received.
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317. You want to ping a router on your network from interface Serial 0/0 and not the path in the routing table. How can you achieve this? A. This cannot be done; packets cannot disregard the routing table. B. Enter the interface in configuration mode, and ping the remote router. C. Enter extended ping, and specify the exit interface. D. Configure a temporary route for the router exiting the interface.
317. C. The extended ping command allows you to specify a number of parameters such as repeat count, datagram size, and source address or exit interface. There are several other parameters that can be adjusted.
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318. You perform a traceroute to a destination network and receive back several lines of output. On the end of each line are three parameters such as 1 192.168.1.1 20 msec 34 msec 67 msec. What do they mean? A. They are the three response times of each ICMP request. B. They are the minimum, maximum, and average of the ICMP query. C. They are the minimum, average, and maximum of the ICMP query. D. They are the maximum, average, and minimum of the ICMP query.
318. C. The three times are the minimum response time, average response time, and maximum response time of the ICMP Echo and Reply.
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319. You need to make a Telnet connection to a remote router from a router you are configuring. Which command will allow you to do this? A. Router#198.56.33.3 B. Router#connect 198.56.33.3 C. Router#remote 198.56.33.3 D. Router#vty 198.56.33.3
319. A. The IP address or hostname entered in privileged exec mode will create a direct Telnet request. Alternatively, you can specify the command telnet 198.56.33.3.
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``` 320. An administrator calls you and states that they believe an interface is down on a router you maintain. Which command will show only the interface, the IP address configured, and the status of the interface? A. Router#show ip interface B. Router#show interface C. Router#show ip interface brief D. Router#show interface brief ```
320. D. The command show ip interface brief will display only the necessary information of interface, IP, and status to aid in the diagnostic process.
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321. You need to ping an IPv6 address of 2001:db8:3:4::2. Which command will achieve this? A. Router#ping 2001:db8:3:4::2 B. Router#ipv6 ping 2001:db8:3:4::2 C. Router#pingv6 2001:db8:3:4::2 D. Router#ping6 2001:db8:3:4::2
321. A. The normal ping command will achieve this task. Originally in Windows XP, the commandping6 was used in lieu of the command ping. The command ping6 is also found in Linux. However, today, most operating systems have extended the ping command to both IPv4 and IPv6.
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322. Which IPv6 command will verify that you have received a Router Advertisement message from a local router? A. Router#show ipv6 neighbors B. Router#show ipv6 cache C. Router#show ipv6 ra D. Router#show neighbors
322. A. The command show ipv6 neighbors will display all of the neighboring routers that have sent a Router Advertisement message. This cache will normally contain the link-local addresses of the neighboring routers.
a
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