Chapter 3 Worksheet

Question 1

T/F The only external structures found in bacterial cells are glycocalyces, flagella, fimbriae, and capsule

Answer 1

False, Pili is another external structure.

Question 2

T/F Glycocalyx is a gelatinous, sticky substance surrounding the outside of the cell composed of
polysaccharides and proteins.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F Glycocalyx composed of organized repeating units of organic chemicals firmly attached to the
cell’s surface is called a capsule.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T/F Slime layer is a loose, water-soluble glycocalyx present on all bacterial cells.

Answer 4

False, some bacterial cells

Question 5

T/F Glycocalyx protect the cells from desiccation or drying.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F Glycocalyx contributes to bacteria’s ability to cause a disease.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F Glycocalyx contributes to the formation of biofilms

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F Biofilms are short movie films featuring living cells.

Answer 8

False, Biofilms are aggregates of many bacteria
living together on surfaces

Question 9

T/F The thick, white plaque that forms on teeth and slime inside medical catheters are examples of biofilms.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F The presence of the slime layer may prevent bacteria from being recognized or destroy by defensive
cell of the host. Act as an antiphagocytic factor.

Answer 10

True, Both Slime layer and Capsule = Glycocalyx

Question 11

T/F noncapsulated bacteria do not cause disease because the body’s defensive cell destroys them.
These bacteria are considered nonpathogenic and avirulent

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T/F Capsules provides a way to escape phagocytosis

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Movement towards an attractant or repellant?

Answer 13

Chemotaxis

Question 14

The presence or absence of this structure allows us to classify bacteria as motile or nonmotile?

Answer 14

Flagella

Question 15

Structure involved in conjugation?

Answer 15

Sex Pilus(i)

Question 16

Flagella is in many places around the cell surface.

Answer 16

Peritrichous

Question 17

A single flagellum located at one end of the cell

Answer 17

Monotrichous

Question 18

Motility structure of found in Spirochetes

Answer 18

Axial Filament or Endoflagella

Question 19

Corkscrew shape of a bacteria

Answer 19

Spirochete

Question 20

Small, bristle structures that allow sticking to host cells

Answer 20

Fimbriae

Question 21

Endotoxic portions of the gram (-) cell wall

Answer 21

Lipid A

Question 22

Provides structure, shape and protects against osmotic pressure

Answer 22

Cell Wall

Question 23

Cocci arranged in a chain

Answer 23

Streptococcus

Question 24

Cocci arranged in a cluster

Answer 24

Staphylococcus

Question 25

Area between the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane in gram (-)

Answer 25

Periplasmic Space

Question 26

Rods arranged in a chain

Answer 26

Streptobacillus

Question 27

Two sugars that joined together to form chains.

Answer 27

NAM and NAG

Question 28

Chains of NAM-NAG are covalently link to others by crossbridges of tetrapeptides

Answer 28

Peptidoglycan

Question 29

Responsible for the negative charge of the gram (+) cell.

Answer 29

Teichoic & Lipoteichoic Acids

Question 30

Composition of the cell membrane and outer membrane

Answer 30

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 31

Protein channels that allow molecules to cross the outer membrane of the gram (-) cell wall.

Answer 31

Porins

Question 32

Found in the outer membrane composed of sugars and lipids

Answer 32

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 33

This group of bacteria lacks cell wall

Answer 33

Mycoplasma

Question 34

has an outer membrane

Answer 34

Gram (-)

Question 35

Will appear purple after gram staining.

Answer 35

Gram (+)

Question 36

Will decolorize in the gram stain process.

Answer 36

Gram (-)

Question 37

Has a thick peptidoglycan layer

Answer 37

Gram (+)

Question 38

Has teichoic acids & lipoteichoic Acids

Answer 38

Gram (+)

Question 39

Will not decolorize in the gram stain process

Answer 39

Gram (+)

Question 40

Has a thin Peptidoglycan layer.

Answer 40

Gram (-)

Question 41

Will appear pink after gram staining.

Answer 41

Gram (-)

Question 42

Has lipopolysaccarides and porins

Answer 42

Gram (-)

Question 43

Has Lipid A

Answer 43

Gram (-)

Question 44

More susceptible to penicillin

Answer 44

Gram (+)

Question 45

More susceptible to lysozyme

Answer 45

Gram (+)

Question 46

What substance in the cell wall allows a bacteria to stain Acid Fast?

Answer 46

MYCOLIC ACID

Question 47

Two Genera of Acid Fast (+) Bacteria

Answer 47

Mycobacterium, Nocoardia

Question 48

List two diseases caused by acid-fast + bacteria and the Genus and species name of the bacterial pathogen that cause the disease

Answer 48

Disease Tuberculosis, Leporsy Pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae