Chapter 4

Question 1

What is organic chemistry ?

Answer 1

the study of carbon-based molecules

Question 2

what is carbons valence number?

what does this number mean?

Answer 2

4

can form up to 4 bonds

Question 3

give the prefixes of carbons from 1 to 6

Answer 3

Meth-1
Eth-2
prop-3
But-4
Pent-5
Hex-6

Question 4

carbon bonds

suffix

Answer 4

• ane = all single bonds
• ene=double bonds
• yne= triple bond

Question 5

what does cyclo- indicate? as a suffix

Answer 5

ring structure

Question 6

What are the 7 functional groups we are learning?

Answer 6

Hydroxyl(OH) 
carboxyl (COOH)
sulfhydryl (SH)
carbonyl (CO)
amino (NH2)
Phosphate(PO4-2
Methyl (-CH3)

Question 7

what does the methyl group (-CH3) do?

Answer 7

affects expression of genes

Question 8

What are the compounds of:
Hydroxyls?
Carboxyls?
Aminos?
Carbonyls?
Sulfhydryls?
Phosphates?

Answer 8

Hydroxyls- alcohols
carboxyls -carboxylics acids
aminos-amines
Carbonyls- ketones and aldehydes
Sulfhydryls - Thiols
Organic phosphates