Chapter 4

Question 1

Sir John Pym

Answer 1

• Entered Parliament in 1621. Supported the Protestation
• Later MP for Tavistock, Devon
• Nickname King Pym
• Anti Spanish, anti Catholic, anti monopolies
• ‘he … understood the temper and affections of the kingdom as well as any man’

Question 2

Benjamin Rudyard

Answer 2

• MP for Portsmouth in 1620s
• appointed for life to lucrative post of Surveyor of the Court of Wards (When post was abolished in 1648 Parliament voted him £6,000 compensation)
• co-founder of the Providence Company
• poet & close friend of Ben Jonson
• Also friends with John Owen and John Hoskins
• Had patronage of the Earl of Pembroke
• “This is the crisis of Parliaments: we shall know by this if parliaments live or die.
• Excluded in Pride’s Purge

Question 3

Sir John Eliot

Answer 3

• Leader of the Hoc after 1626
• Imprisoned for refusing to pay Forced Loan in 1627
• Involved in petition of right & 3 resolutions
• Led impeachment against Buckingham; compared him to Sejanus
• Imprisoned in Tower of London with Digges in May
• Considered “fiery spirit” by Charles
• Spent time travelling in Europe with Buckingham
• MP for Newport
• Approved of the war with Spain

Question 4

Sir Edward Coke

Answer 4

• barrister, judge, and politician
• Drafted 1621 Protestation
• Drafted 1628 Petition of Right
• often considered the greatest jurist of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras

Question 5

Denzil Holles

Answer 5

• presbyterian
• MP for Dorcester
• Childhood friend of Charles I
• forced the Speaker to continue sitting on 2 March 1629
• played a prominent part in negotiations Scots Covenanters in 1641
• His sister Arabella married Wentworth
• He tried to prevent Strafford’s execution

Question 6

Sir John Seldon

Answer 6

• English jurist, a scholar of England’s ancient laws and constitution and scholar of Jewish law
• …

Question 7

Charles’ Third Parliament

Answer 7

• Needed money after la Rochelle raids
• Financial grievances: extra parliamentary taxation & Billeting
• Legal grievances: Martial law & Habeas Corpus
• Commons indicated it would vote the King five subsidies in return for his acceptance of a Petition of Right
• Was prorogued in June

Question 8

The Petition of Right

Answer 8

• Seldon & Eliot proposed Bill of rights
• Parliament settled on less aggressive petition drafted by Coke
• summarised rights in place since 1225
• No extra parliamentary taxation, individuals couldn’t be imprisoned without just cause in court, no billeting, no martial law
• Lords didn’t stand up for prerogative rights
• Charles’ acceptance on 7 June 1628 was greeted with widespread public celebrations
• confirmed as a legal statute in 1641

Question 9

Assassination of Buckingham

Answer 9

• 23 August 1628
• Greyhound Inn in Portsmouth
• stabbed by John Felton, lieutenant in the English Army
• Believed he had been passed over for promotion by Buckingham
• Widely acclaimed as a hero by the public. Large No. of poems celebrating Felton were published

Question 10

Consequences of assassination of Buckingham

Answer 10

• Charles held Parliament responsible because Felton was inspired by June’s Remonstrance
• Charles shocked at public celebration & distanced himself from ordinary people
• Buckingham no longer scapegoat for Charles
• Leadership of HoC became more radical

Question 11

1629 Parliament

Answer 11

• Recalled 20 Jan 1629
• Claimed T & P contradicted Pet. of Right
• In August Arminians Laud and Montagu elevated to bishoprics of London & Chichester
• During 1629 sessions King made legal authority of Pet. more ambiguous
• 2 March
• Charles dissolved Parliament in person on the 10 March

Question 12

2 March 1629

Answer 12

• Door slammed in Black Rod’s face
• Holles and Valentine held Finch down
• Eliot shouted 3 resolutions
• condemning collection of T & P and Arminianism