Chapter 4- Leaf Anatomy

Question 1

Epidermis

Answer 1

-outer layer of cells that provides protection and prevents water loss

Question 2

Palisade mesophyll cells

Answer 2

• located right below upper epidermis

- has many chloroplasts, where photosynthesis occurs

Question 3

Spongy mesophyll cells

Answer 3

• bottom of the leaf, where the leaf has a lot of space for gas movement
• has some chloroplasts, where moderate amount of photosynthesis occurs

Question 4

Stomata

Answer 4

-are pores on underside of leaf where gas enters and exits.

Question 5

Guard cells

Answer 5

-surround stomata and control their opening/closing.

Question 6

Chloroplasts

Answer 6

• organelle found in plants and photosynthetic algae NOT in cyanobacteria.
• Similar to mitochondria and contains: outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane, stroma, Thylakoids, thylakoid lumen.

Question 7

Outer membrane

Answer 7

-Outer plasma membrane made of a phospholipid bilayer.

Question 8

Intermembrane space

Answer 8

-Space between the outer and inner membrane

Question 9

Inner membrane

Answer 9

-Inner plasma membrane made oh phospholipid bilayer

Question 10

Stroma

Answer 10

• fluid material that fills area inside inner membrane.

- Calvin cycle occurs here

Question 11

Thylakoids

Answer 11

• made of phospholipid bilayer within stroma
• where light dependent reactions occur
• a stack of thylakoids is called a granum
• a junction between two grana is called a lamella.

Question 12

Thylakoid lumen

Answer 12

• Interior of the thylakoid

- H+ ions accumulate making it acidic