Chapter 4 : Playing actions

Question 0

What is ball out of play

Answer 0

The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by one of the referees; in the absence of a fault, at the moment of the whistle.

Question 1

What is ball in play

Answer 1

The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service authorized by the 1st referee.

Question 2

Ball in

Answer 2

The ball is “in” when it touches the floor of the playing court including the boundary lines.

Question 3

5 situations of Ball out

Answer 3

The ball is “out” when:

• the part of the ball which contacts the floor is completely outside the boundary lines;
• it touches an object outside the court, the ceiling or a person out of play;
• it touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the side bands;
• it crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally outside the crossing space, except in the case of Rule 10.1.2;
• it crosses completely the lower space under the net.

Question 4

Charafteristics of the hit

Answer 4

• The ball may touch any part of the body.
• The ball must not be caught and/or thrown. It can rebound in any direction.
• The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously.
  Exceptions:
  a) at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more player(s), provided that the contacts occur during one action;
  b) at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action.

Question 5

Faut un playing the ball

Answer 5

FOUR HITS: a team hits the ball four times before returning it.

ASSISTED HIT: a player takes support from a team-mate or any structure/ object in order to hit the ball within the playing area.

CATCH: the ball is caught and/or thrown; it does not rebound from the hit.

DOUBLE CONTACT: a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various parts of his/her body in succession.

Question 6

The crossing space is the part of the vertical plane of the net limited as follows:

Answer 6

• below, by the top of the net;
• at the sides, by the antennae, and their imaginary extension;
• above, by the ceiling.

Question 7

PLAYER’S FAULTS AT THE NET

Answer 7

• A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponent’s space before or during the opponent’s attack hit.
• A player interferes with the opponent’s play while penetrating into the opponent’s space under the net.
• player’s foot (feet) penetrates completely into the opponent’s court.
• A player interferes with the opponent’s play by (amongst others):
  a) touching the top band of the net or the top 80 cm of the antenna during his/her action of playing the ball, or
  b)taking support from the net simultaneously with playing the ball, or
  c) creating an advantage over the opponent by touching the net, or
  d) making actions which hinder an opponent’s legitimate attempt to play the ball.

Question 8

Service

Answer 8

The service is the act of putting the ball into play, by the back-right player, placed in the service zone.

Question 9

Screening

Answer 9

A player or a group of players of the serving team make(s) a screen by waving arms, jumping or moving sideways during the execution of the service, or by standing grouped to hide the server and the flight path of the ball.

Question 10

Fault made during the service

Answer 10

Serving faults.
The following faults lead to a change of service even if the opponent is out of position. The server:
- violates the service order,
- does not execute the service properly.

Faults after the service hit.
After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault (unless a player is out of position) if the ball:
- touches a player of the serving team or fails to cross the vertical plane of the net completely through the crossing space;
- goes “out”;
- passes over a screen.

Question 11

Characteristcs af the attack hit

Answer 11

All actions which direct the ball towards the opponent, with the exception of service and block, are considered as attack hits.

During an attack hit, tipping is permitted only if the ball is cleanly hit, and not caught or thrown.

An attack hit is completed at the moment the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net or is touched by an opponent.

Question 12

6 faults of the attack hit

Answer 12

• A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team.
• A player hits the ball “out”.
• A back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
• A player completes an attack hit on the opponent’s service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
• A Libero completes an attack hit if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
• A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/ her front zone.

Question 13

Blocking

Answer 13

Blocking is the action of players close to the net to intercept the ball coming from the opponent by reaching higher than the top of the net, regardless of the height of the ball contact. Only front-row players are permitted to complete a block, but at the moment of the contact with the ball, a part of the body must be higher than the top of the net.

Block attempt
A block attempt is the action of blocking without touching the ball.

Completed block
A block is completed whenever the ball is touched by a blocker.

Collective block
A collective block is executed by two or three players close to each other and is completed when one of them touches the ball.

Question 14

6 Blocking faults

Answer 14

• The blocker touches the ball in the OPPONENT’S space either before or simultaneously with the opponent’s attack hit.
• A back-row player or a Libero completes a block or participates in a completed block.
• Blocking the opponent’s service.
• The ball is sent “out” off the block.
• Blocking the ball in the opponent’s space from outside the antenna.
• A Libero attempts an individual or collective block.

Question 15

May the block touch the ball in the opponent’s space?
Choose one answer.

a. No.
b. Yes, in any case.
c. Yes, after the execution of the attack hit by the opponent.

Answer 15

May the block touch the ball in the opponent’s space?
Choose one answer.

a.
b.
c. Yes, after the execution of the attack hit by the opponent.

Question 16

Which conditions must be fulfilled that the 1st referee may authorize the service by whistling?
Choose one answer.

a. The server is in the serving zone and both teams are ready to play.
b. The server is in the serving zone and in possession of the ball.
c. The server is in possession of the ball and both teams are ready to play.

Answer 16

Which conditions must be fulfilled that the 1st referee may authorize the service by whistling?
Choose one answer.

a.

b.
c. The server is in possession of the ball and both teams are ready to play.

Question 17

An attacker hit a very hard attack hit against the opponent’s block. The ball hit within the same movement the blocker’s hands, then her head, then rebounded off the back of her hand into the back of her court. The 1st referee allowed the team to dig, set and then attack the ball. Was the decision of the 1st referee correct to permit these three hits of the blocker, followed by the three more hits of her team?
Choose one answer.

a. No, the first block touch does not count, the head touch, however, counts as first hit, the back of her hand as the second. The correct decision would have been ‘double touch’ of the blocker.
b. No, the block and the head touch do not count, the hitting with the back of the hand backwards, however, counts as first touch. The correct decision would have been ‘four touches’ of the defending team.
c. Yes, the 1st referee’s decision was correct.

Answer 17

An attacker hit a very hard attack hit against the opponent’s block. The ball hit within the same movement the blocker’s hands, then her head, then rebounded off the back of her hand into the back of her court. The 1st referee allowed the team to dig, set and then attack the ball. Was the decision of the 1st referee correct to permit these three hits of the blocker, followed by the three more hits of her team?
Choose one answer.

a.
b.
c. Yes, the 1st referee’s decision was correct.

Question 18

Marks: 1
What is an attack?
Choose one answer.

a. Each hard driven ball (smash).
b. Each third hit of the ball.
c. Each ball, which is directed towards the opponent, with the exception of service and block.

Answer 18

Marks: 1
What is an attack?
Choose one answer.

a.
b.
c. Each ball, which is directed towards the opponent, with the exception of service and block.

Question 19

When is the service considered to be executed?
Choose one answer.

a. When the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net.
b. When the player hits the ball.
c. When the player tosses the ball into the air.

Answer 19

When is the service considered to be executed?
Choose one answer.

a.

b. When the player hits the ball.
c.

Question 20

At which moment is an attack hit considered to be completed?
Choose one answer.

a. At the moment of any action with the ball towards the opponent’s court.
b. At the moment of the hitting of the ball towards the opponent.
c. At the moment in which the ball has crossed completely the vertical plane of the net or is touched by an opponent.

Answer 20

At which moment is an attack hit considered to be completed?
Choose one answer.

a.

b.
c. At the moment in which the ball has crossed completely the vertical plane of the net or is touched by an opponent.

Question 21

Which moment is decisive for determining the players’ positions?
Choose one answer.

a. The ball crosses the top of the net.
b. The first referee whistles to authorize the service.
c. The server hits the ball while serving.

Answer 21

Which moment is decisive for determining the players’ positions?
Choose one answer.

a.

b.
c. The server hits the ball while serving.

Question 22

a. Delay warning.
b. 2nd service attempt.
c. Loss of rally.

Answer 22

a.
b.
c. Loss of rally.

Question 23

Two opposing net players touch shortly and simultaneously the ball in the space of the team A. How do the referees decide?
Choose one answer.

a. Fault of team A.
b. Fault of team B.
c. The play continues.

Answer 23

Two opposing net players touch shortly and simultaneously the ball in the space of the team A. How do the referees decide?
Choose one answer.

a.
b. Fault of team B.
c.

Question 24

One or more criteria are correct for the blocking action: Choose at least one answer. a. The ball must come from the opponent. b. The player(s) must be far from the net. c. The players(s) must be reaching higher than the top of the net. d. They must try to hit the ball. e. The height of the ball contact with the body is not important.

Answer 24

One or more criteria are correct for the blocking action: Choose at least one answer. a. The ball must come from the opponent. b. c. The players(s) must be reaching higher than the top of the net. d. e. The height of the ball contact with the body is not important.

Question 25

Is it a fault, if a player crosses the centre line, after the rally was stopped by the referee? Choose one answer. a. Only, if he interferes with the play of an opponent. b. Yes. c. No.

Answer 25

Is it a fault, if a player crosses the centre line, after the rally was stopped by the referee? Choose one answer. a. b. c. No.

Question 26

May a player reach with his hands beyond the net after the attack executed by the opponent? Choose one answer. a. Yes. b. No. c. Only, if the ball is not touched.

Answer 26

May a player reach with his hands beyond the net after the attack executed by the opponent? Choose one answer. a. Yes. b. c.

Question 27

At the third hit of team A the ball is touched simultaneously by an attacker of A and a blocker of B exactly above the top of the net. Afterwards the ball touches the antenna. What decides the first referee? Choose one answer. a. Fault of the blocker. b. Replay. c. Fault of the attacker.

Answer 27

At the third hit of team A the ball is touched simultaneously by an attacker of A and a blocker of B exactly above the top of the net. Afterwards the ball touches the antenna. What decides the first referee? Choose one answer. a. b. Replay. c.