Chapter 40 Circulatory System

Question 1

What has invertebrate circulatory systems?

Answer 1

sponges, cnidarians, and nematodes

Question 2

How do sponges circulate water?

Answer 2

using many incurrent pores and one excurrent pore

Question 3

How do hydras circulate water?

Answer 3

through a gastrovascular cavity which is also for digestion

Question 4

How do nematodes circulate water?

Answer 4

through their digestion tract which doubles as their circulatory system because they are so thin

Question 5

Open circulatory system

Answer 5

• No distinction between circulating and extracellular fluid

Question 6

What is the fluid in the open circulatory system called?

Answer 6

hemolymph

Question 7

closed circulatory system

Answer 7

• distinct circulatory fluid enclosed in blood vessels and transported away from and back to the heart

Question 8

What is makes up a fishes circulatory system?

Answer 8

1. Evolved a true chamber-heart pump heart
2. have a 2 chambered heart
3. the blood is pumped through the gills, and then to the rest of the body

Question 9

Amphibians have what 2 circulations?

Answer 9

pulmonary circulation, and systemic circulation

Question 10

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 10

moves blood between the heart and lungs

Question 11

Systemic circulation

Answer 11

moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body

Question 12

How many heart chambers do amphibians have?

Answer 12

3 chambered heart

Question 13

How many heart chambers do reptiles have?

Answer 13

3 chambered heart

Question 14

How many atria and ventricles do reptiles have?

Answer 14

2 atria and 2 ventricles

Question 15

How many heart chambers do mammals, birds, and crocodilians have?

Answer 15

4 chambered heart

Question 16

How many atria and ventricles do mammals, birds, and crocodilians have?

Answer 16

2 separate atria and 2 separate ventricles

Question 17

In mammals what does the right atrium do?

Answer 17

receives deoxygenated blood from the body and delivers it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs

Question 18

In mammals what does the left atrium do?

Answer 18

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and delivers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body

Question 19

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 19

connective tissue

Question 20

what is extracellular matrix?

Answer 20

plasma

Question 21

what do platelets do?

Answer 21

they help with blood clotting

Question 22

What are the functions of circulating blood

Answer 22

• transportation
• regulation
• protection

Question 23

What percent of blood plasma is water?

Answer 23

92% water

Question 24

What solutes does blood plasma contain?

Answer 24

nutrients, waste, and hormones

Question 25

If plasma is removes what is it called?

Answer 25

serum

Question 26

What does fibrinogen cause?

Answer 26

blood clotting

Question 27

How many red blood cells do you have?

Answer 27

about 5 million per microliter of bloos

Question 28

How long do your blood cells live for?

Answer 28

120 days

Question 29

What are leukocytes?

Answer 29

white blood cells

Question 30

Where does your blood leave from your heart to?

Answer 30

arteries

Question 31

Where does your blood from arterioles enter?

Answer 31

capillaries

Question 32

Where is blood collected from? and where does it lead to?

Answer 32

blood is collected into venules which leads to larger vessels (vein)

Question 33

What carries blood back to the heart?

Answer 33

veins

Question 34

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 34

when liquids leaves the blood stream some of the liquids go to your lymphatic system

Question 35

What is the hearts 2 pairs of valves?

Answer 35

atrioventricular (AV) valves and your semilunar valves

Question 36

What does your Atrioventricular (AV) valves do?

Answer 36

Maintain unidirectional blood flow between atria and ventricles

Question 37

What does your semilunar valves do?

Answer 37

Ensure a one-way flow out of the ventricles to the vessels

Question 38

Where is your pulmonary valve located?

Answer 38

at the exit of the right ventricle

Question 39

Where is your Aortic valve located?

Answer 39

At the exit of the left ventricle

Question 40

What can the Autonomic nervous system modulate?

Answer 40

rate

Question 41

What does blood pressure measure?

Answer 41

systole / diastole

Question 42

systole

Answer 42

ventricle contractions

Question 43

diastole

Answer 43

ventricle relaxation

Question 44

What 4 hormones is your blood volume regulated by?

Answer 44

- ADH or Antidiuretic hormone - Aldosterone - Atrial natiuretic hormone - nitric oxide