Who issued the Alien and Sedition Acts; extending the requirement for citizenship and violating the 2nd Amendment?
John Adams
Who was the first Commander-in-Chief?
George Washington
Who purchased the Louisiana Territory as a treaty?
Thomas Jefferson
Who was the first Secretary of State?
Thomas Jefferson
His wife set the precedent for First Ladies?
George Washington
This president put the first “Fugitive Slave Act” in place.
George Washington
This president made the navy stronger by creating frigates.
John Adams
This president increased federal judges the night before he left office which lead to John Marshall increasing the power of the judicial branch of government.
John Adams
This president served two years; shaped the American presidency (Mr. President); made the presidency powerful by appointing a cabinet and proposed legislation.
George Washington
This president only served one term; sent diplomats to France to negotiate to avoid war; increased federal judges (Judiciary Act of 1800).
John Adams
This president served two terms; along with Benjamin Franklin wrote the Declaration of Independence; was a diplomat to France.
Thomas Jefferson
Explain the “national bank” that Alexander Hamilton proposed. Why was there a need for a national bank?
Hamilton wanted a bank where they could deposit money from taxes to the bank and in return get paper money to pay off their debt.
1. Each state had a different currency and they couldn’t figure out how to find the worth of each currency. Ex. how many Louisiana dollars is worth one Maryland dollar. One currency under one bank unites the country in one currency.
2. America was in debt at the time and the national bank caused a place to collect taxes and also giving a uniform money to the people they’re in debt wiht.
Explain the “Whiskey Rebellion”. Include George Washington’s response.
Congress approved a tax on liquor to help relieve their debt from the independence war which was suggested by Hamilton. Farmers who made whiskey refused to pay the tax and rebelled. Farmers from Pennsylvania tarred and feathered tax collectors and protested. Washington sent thousands of troops to Pennsylvania causing the rebels to fled back to their farm.
Explain the “XYZ Affair”.
During the war between France and Britain, France started seizing American ships. Americans called for war so Adams sent diplomats to Paris to discuss the neutriality. France’s minister sent 3 agents to offer a deal with america wanting $250,000 for the minister and a $10 million loan to france. Adams didn’t reveal the agents names only calling them X, Y, and Z.
Explain how John Marshall increased the power of the Judicial Branch.
John Adams appointed supreme court judges on the last night of his presidency. One of the judges was William Marbury who Thomas Jefferson ordered Madison not to deliver official papers to Marbury. Marbury sued Madison. According to the Judicial Act, the supreme court could only decide against cases for federal officials. However, Marshall stated that the constitution never gave the Supreme court the power to decide cases against the court so the Judiciary Act was unconstitional. This gave the Judicial branch, Judicial review where the supreme court can declare laws unconstitutional.
Explain the Alien and Sedition Acts. How were they politically motivated?
The Alien Act allowed the President to be able to expel any alien or foreignor if “thought dangerous to the country”. The sedition act caused citizens to be fined or jailed if they criticized its government or officials. The Alien Act was passed because recent immigrants supported the democratic - republicans and since John Adams was a federalist, he wants the federalist party to win. The sedition act was passed to keep people from expressing bad opinions about the government so no one could be influenced to join the democratic - republican party.
