Chapter 5 - Ionic Bonding

Question 1

Give a definition of an ionic bond

Answer 1

The electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 2

State 4 properties of an ionic compound

Answer 2

-electrical conductivity - when molten or dissolved
-giant ionic lattice
-solubility - can dissolve in polar solvents such as water
-high melting and boiling points

Question 3

Why do ionic compounds form giant ionic lattices?

Answer 3

Because the oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted in all directions

Question 4

Why are the melting points higher for lattices containing ions of higher charges?

Answer 4

The ions have a stronger attraction between them

Question 5

What two factors can affect the melting point of a lattice

Answer 5

The charge of the ions.
The size of the ion

Question 6

What two factors are required for an ionic compound to be soluble?

Answer 6

• the giant ionic lattice must be broken down
• the water must be attracted to the ions and surround them

Question 7

Why can’t an ionic compound conduct electricity when solid?

Answer 7

• the ions are fixed in position within the ionic lattice
  -Does not have any ions that are free to move and carry charge

Question 8

Why can an ionic compound conduct electricity when molten or dissolved?

Answer 8

• the ionic lattice is broken down
• the ions are free to move and carry charge

Question 9

How does the polarity of water contribute to the solubility of ionic compounds?

Answer 9

The slightly negative charge on water is attracted to the positive ion in the giant ionic lattice. And the slightly positive charge on water is attracted to the negative ion in the giant ionic lattice. This means that the water molecules surround the ions and break the giant ionic lattice down

Question 10

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

Answer 10

large amounts of energy are needed to break the many strong bonds as it is a giant ionic lattice

Question 11

What states are ionic compounds usually at room temperature?

Answer 11

Solid at room temp

Question 12

What states are ionic compounds usually at room temperature?

Answer 12

Solid at room temp