benefits of male STM
more offspring
costs of male STM
- STD
- reputation
- lower quality offspring
- jealous rivals
- jealous wives (cuckoldry, defection)
benefits of women STM
- resources: immediate exchange, paternity confusion, protection, status elevation
- good genes: better genes (sexy sons), genetic diversity
- Mate switching: mate explusion, mate replacement, mate insurance
- Short-term or long-term: mate evaluation, experimentation, skills training
- Mate Manipulation: increase commitment, deter mates infidelity
costs of women STM
- STD
- repuation
- jealous husband (abuse/defection)
- sibling rivarly
- pregnancy
psychological evidence for STM in ancestral humans
sperm competition, female orgasm, ovulatory shifts in female mate preferences
what is sperm competition?
When sperm from more than one male occupies the reproductive tract of a female
- Larger testicle sizes in polyandrous mating (more competition)
- Bigger testicles produce larger ejaculates
- Pornograhy and group sex might stimiulate psychological mechanisms to promote sperm competition
- Specialization of spermatozoa for warfare (fertilizing sperm and blocking sperm)
Sperm count ______ following separation from partner
increases
The longer since a man has seen his partner: (1) the ______ attractive he rates her (2) the ______ interested he is in copulating with her
more; more
What is the function of the female orgasm?
Function is to retain sperm
- Draws sperm into cervical canal and uterus to increase probabiltiy of conception
- Sperm retention 30 min following ejaculation increases from 65% to 70%
- Women more likely to be orgasmic with extra-pair partner than in-pair partner
- Others have argued female orgasm is a byproduct of male orgasm
What shifts occur in female prefenences during the fertile period of the ovulatory cycle
- attraction to and fantasy baout extra-pair men
- more creative men
- greater social presence & intrasexual competition
- more masculine male faces
- more symmetrical features
- smell fo more symmetrical men
- shift occurs mostly for short-term mating context
Parental investment theory predicts that the desire for short term mating will be stronger in _______
men
__________: preference for sex in the context of long-term relationship only; emphasize relationship skills
restricted sociosexual orientation
__________: preference for sex without necessity for love
- emphasize attractiveness
- sex early in relationship
- more partners (past, present, future)
- more one night stands
- opposite sex friends are potential partners
unrestricted sociosexual orientation
_______ have more restricted sociosexual orientations than _______
women; men
What are some adaptive problems for men?
How to get more women?
- desire for variety
- relaxed standards
- preference for promiscuity
- desire for fertile women
- avoid long-term commitment
Explanations of male desire for variety
- pornography
- sexual fantasies
- prostitution
- extramarital affairs
- coolidge effect (if novel female presented, refactory period truncated)
- ideal number of parterns is greater than women
- men prefer to date _____ intelligence women
- men prefer to have sex with ______ intelligence women
- men prefer to go steady with ______ intelligence women
- men prefer to marry _______ intelligence women
- average
- low
- high
- really high
women prefer ________ intelligence men to date, have sex, go steady, and marry
increasing
_______ are more likely to have sex with people they just met then _______
men; women
What is the function of sexual regret?
To improve future decision making by motivating individuals to avoid past mistakes
Men regret sexual _______
omissions (missed opportunities)
Women regret sexual ________
commissions (unwanted opportunities)
________: highly desirable males have more leverage in mating market and are better able to pursue short-term mating
cads
________: less desirable males must compromise and pursue long term mating
dads
