1
Q
What is the loss of electrons?
A
oxidation
2
Q
Define reduction
A
gain of electrons
3
Q
What is OsO4 used for?
A
oxidation of an alkeen to a glycol
4
Q
Define oxidation
A
loss of electron
5
Q
Describe the mechanism of ozonolysis (oxidation of an alkene)
A
• Ozone-Cleavage of a Carbon-Carbon Double Bond (Ozonolysis)
o Step 1: Ozone reacts with the alkene with both electrophilic and nucleophilic character in a single, simultaneous step
o Step 2: Break a bond to give stable molecules or ions
o Step 3: Reduction of the ozonide and cleavage results in the final carbonyl fragments
6
Q
What is the gain of electrons?
A
reduction
Organic Chemistry
flashcards
Decks in class (69)
# Cards
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Chapter 1.1: Electronic Structure of Atoms41
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Chapter 1.2: Lewis Model of Bonding39
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Chapter 1.3: Functional Groups31
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Chapter 1.4: Bond Angles and Shape of Molecules19
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Chapter 1.5: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules3
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Chapter 1.6: Quantum or Wave Mechanics15
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Chapter 1.7: A Combined Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theory Approach to Covalent Bonding26
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Chapter 1.8: Resonance9
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Chapter 1.9: Molecular Orbitals for Delocalized Systems5
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Chapter 2.1: The Structure of Alkanes7
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Chapter 2.2: Constitutional Isomerism in Alkanes2
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Chapter 2.3: Nomenclature of Alkanes and the IUPAC System96
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Chapter 2.4: Cycloalkanes11
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Chapter 2.5: Conformations of Alkane and Cycloalkanes40
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Chapter 2.6: Cis, Trans Isomerism in Cycloalkanes and Bicycloalkanes12
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Chapter 2.7: Physical Properties of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes8
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Chapter 3.1: Chirality- The Handedness of Molecules9
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Chapter 3.2: Stereoisomerism14
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Chapter 3.3: Naming Chiral Centers- The R,S System9
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Chapter 3.4: Acyclic Molecules with Two or More Stereocenters11
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Chapter 3.7: Optical Activity-How Chirality is Detected in the Laboratory21
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Chapter 3.9: Separation of Enantiomers- Resolution5
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Chapter 4.1: Arrhenius Acids and Bases4
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Chapter 4.2: Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases11
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Chapter 4.3: Acid Dissociation Constants, pKa, and the Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases6
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Chapter 4.4: The Position of Equilibrium in Acid-Base Reactions5
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Chapter 4.5: Thermochemistry and Mechanisms of Acid-Base Reactions10
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Chapter 4.6: Molecular Structure and Acidity6
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Chapter 4.7: Lewis Acids and Bases10
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Chapter 5.1: Structure of Alkenes3
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Chapter 5.2: Nomenclature of Alkenes21
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Chapter 5.4: Naturally Occurring Alkenes-Terpene Hydrocarbons2
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Chapter 6.1: Reactions of Alkenes- An Overview3
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Chapter 6.2: Organic Reactions Involving Reactive Intermediates14
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Chapter 6.3: Electrophile Additions41
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Chapter 6.4: Hydroboration-Oxidation7
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Chapter 6.5: Oxidation6
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Chapter 6.6: Reduction5
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Chapter 6.7: Molecules Containing Chiral Centers as Reactants or Products7
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Chapter 7.1: Structure of Alkynes4
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Chapter 7.2: Nomenclature of Alkynes6
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Chapter 7.4: Acidity of 1-Alkynes1
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Chapter 7.5: Preparation of Alkynes12
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Chapter 7.6: Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes6
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Chapter 7.7: Hydration of Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones14
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Chapter 7.8: Reduction of Alkynes8
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Chapter 8.1: Structure6
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Chapter 8.2: Nomenclature4
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Chapter 8.3: Physical Properties of Haloalkanes14
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Chapter 8.4: Preparation of Haloalkanes by Halogenation of Alkanes3
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Chapter 8.5: Mechanism of Halogenation of Alkanes13
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Chapter 8.6: Allylic Halogenation5
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Chapter 8.8: Radical Addition of HBr to Alkenes1
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Chapter 9.1: Nucleophilic Substitution in Haloalkanes2
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Chapter 9.2: Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution18
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Chapter 9.3: Experimental Evidence for SN1 and SN2 Mechanisms18
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Chapter 9.5: β-Elimination6
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Chapter 9.6: Mechanisms of β-Elimination9
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Chapter 9.8: Substitution Versus Elimination36
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Mechanisms68
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Chapter 10.1: Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols13
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Chapter 10.2: Physical Properties of Alcohols4
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Chapter 10.3: Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols2
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Chapter 10.4: Reaction of Alcohols with Active Metals3
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Chapter 10.5: Conversion of Alcohols to Haloalkanes and Sulfonates14
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Chapter 10.6: Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols11
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Chapter 11.7: Epoxides: Structure and Nomenclature3
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Chapter 11.8: Synthesis of Epoxides4
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Chapter 11.9: Reactions of Epoxides6
