Chapter 7

Question 1

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive appetite, massive obesity, short stature, and intellectual disability

Answer 1

Prader-Willi syndrome

Question 2

although an individual’s genetic inheritance may make obesity likley

Answer 2

push by environmental factors that encourage energy consumption and discourage energy expenditure

Question 3

promotes fat storage in fat cells and muscle cells

Answer 3

lipoprotein lipase (LPL)

Question 4

high LPL activity makes normal energy intake cause

Answer 4

more dramatic impact in fat storage

Question 5

obesity gene codes for leptin

Answer 5

ob gene

Question 6

a hormone primarily produced and secreted by the fat cells in proportion to the amount of fat stored

Answer 6

leptin

Question 7

leptin surpresses the appetite, increases energy expenditure, and produces fat loss

Answer 7

in hypothalamus

Question 8

suppression of leptin production, increased appetite, and decreased energy expenditure

Answer 8

fat loss produces

Question 9

mice with defective obesity gene

Answer 9

don’t produce leptin and weight three times normal size

Question 10

leptin resistance

Answer 10

the normal production of leptin but failure to respond to it

Question 11

is synthesized and secreted primarily by the stomach cells but works in the hypothalamus to promote a positive energy storage

Answer 11

ghrelin

Question 12

triggers desire to eat

Answer 12

ghrelin

Question 13

high ghrelin levels

Answer 13

low body weight

Question 14

the number of fat cells increases most rapidly during

Answer 14

growing years of late childhood and early puberty

Question 15

after growth ceases

Answer 15

fall cells expand in size