Define power (1)
- capacity that A has influencing the behaviour of B, so B must act accordantly
Define dependency (1)
- B relationship with A, when A possess something that B needs
How do you measure bases of power (6)
- coercive
- reward
- legitimate
- referent
- information
- expert
Define coercive (2)
- power based on fear
- person makes it difficult for other, you should try and avoid making them angry
Define reward (2)
- power that achieve compliance on the ability of distributing rewards that others find valuable
- specific benefits
Define legitimate (2)
- power that person received as a result from position in formal hierarchy
- person has the right considering their position and you are expected to convey to their request
Define expert (2)
- power based on skills and knowledge
- earned response and some judgement in matters
Define referent (2)
- power based on possession an individual has on desirable goods
- what you like about person
Define information (2)
- power that comes from access to and control over information
- has knowledge you need
Evaluating the based of power (3)
- commitment: enthusiastic and persistent (referent and expert)
- compliance: goes along with request but has minimal effort (reward and legitimate)
- resistance: people opposing request (coercive)
What creates dependency (3)
- importance
- scarcity
- not substitution
What tactics can be used to increase power (9)
- rational decisions: make logical or rational decision (best)
- inspirational appeal: appeal to value, goals, ideas before making request (subordinates)
- personal appeal: loyalty and friendliness to ask for something
- coalition: support from others to provide backbone
- ingratiation: flattering
- legitimacy: authority
- pressure: demand and threats
- exchange: offering favour
- consultation: involving others in request
What two tactics can you use to reduce negative reaction when dictating (2)
- legitimate
- ingratiation
Define empowerment (3)
- freedom and ability to make decision and commitment
- for delegating (top)
- taking risk and personal satisfaction (bottom)
To be empowered the four conditions are (4)
- clear values and mission
- support employee decision
- prepare employee for relevant skills
- employee recognition for effort
Characteristics of empowered people (4)
- self determination
- sense of meaning (importance)
- sense of competence
- sense of impact
The abuse of power (1)
- manager and employee relationship is best describes as unequal power relationship
Two types of abuse of power (2)
- work bullying: boss feel inadequate and uses power to put fear in employees
- sexual harassment: unwelcome behaviour that has a negative affect on the working environment and leads to averse job related consequence for employees (lower job satisfaction and diminish organization commitment)
Define politics of power (1)
- employee uses their power for action and engage in politics
Define political behaviour (1)
- activities that influence advantages or disadvantages in the workplace
The reality of politics (2)
- organization has individual with different perspectives
- forcing creates competition and potential conflict for limited resources
Types of political activities (8)
- blaming or attacking others
- uses information
- managing impression
- building coalition
- building support for ideas
- creating obligation
- associating with influential people
- praising others
What are political activities (1)
- some to defends one’s position or enhance one’s image
Define impression management (2)
- individual attempt to control one’s impression of others on them
- self promotion and ingratiation
