1
Q
How do you manage carotid injuries?
A
1) end to end primary repair
2) graft interposition
3) transposition
4) Pruitt - Inuhara shunt
5) elective carotid endarcterectomy
2
Q
Blunt injury to the carotid or vertebral arteries may cause the following:
A
1) dissection
2) thrombosis
3) pseudoaneurysm
3
Q
Indications for operative treatment of thoracic injuries
A
- Initial tube thoracostomy drainage of >1000 mL (penetrating injury) or >1500 mL (blunt injury)
- Ongoing tube thoracostomy drainage of >200 mL/h for 3 consecutive hours in noncoagulopathic patients
- Caked hemothorax despite placement of two chest tubes
- Great vessel injury (endovascular techniques may be used in selected patients)
- Pericardial tamponade
- Cardiac herniation
- Massive air leak from the chest tube with inadequate ventilation
- Tracheal or main stem bronchial injury diagnosed by endoscopy or imaging
- Open pneumothorax
- Esophageal perforation
- Air embolism
