Chapter 7: Vertebral Column

Question 1

What are the 5 vertebrae and how many parts are they or bones are fused?

Answer 1

Cervical (C1-C7)
Thoracic (T1-T12)
Lumbar (L1-L5)
Sacrum (5 Fused)
Coccyx (4 Fused)

Question 2

How many bones make up the vertebral column?

Answer 2

26 Bones

Question 3

What are the two intervertebral discs (Fibrocartilage Pads)? According to the structure of the Vertebrae.

Answer 3

Annulus Fibrosus

Nucleus Pulposes

Question 4

Cervical Vertebrae ( C3-C7) are?

Answer 4

1. small, light
2. body broader laterally than anteroposteriorly
3. spinous process
4. short process short and split
   * **5. traverse foramen in the transverse process
5. C7 not split, vertebra prominens

Question 5

What is the cervical bone, that is at the back of a neck called?-The first felt.

Answer 5

C-7

Question 6

What bone cervical bone holds up the skull?

Answer 6

Atlas (C-1)

Question 7

What are the features of the atlas?

Answer 7

No body
No spinous process
Anterior/ Posterior vertebral arches
Lateral mass
Shakes head "yes"

Question 8

What is the c-2 called? What are its features?

Answer 8

Axis- odontoid process or dens

Shakes head “no”

Question 9

The thoracic vertebrae points downward. What are its other features?

Answer 9

1. articulate with ribs
2. heart-shaped body
3. demifacets
4. vertebral foramen is circular
   * **5. long inferior-pointing spinous process
5. transverse process have facets (except 11-12)

Question 10

The lumbar vertebrae is considered “the big drum”. What are its other features?

Answer 10

1. massive bodies
   * *2. short, thick pedicles and laminae
2. spinous process short, flat, hatchet-shaped
3. vertebral foramen triangular

Question 11

What are the features of the sacrum?

Answer 11

superior articular processes
ala
transverse lines
sacral foramina (There are 4)
median sacral crest
sacral canal
sacral hiatus
fuses at  around 26 years of age

Question 12

What are the features of the coccyx?

Answer 12

3-5 fused bones
useless-doesn’t tie to ANYTHING
“tail bone”
Bird’s Beak “useless”

Question 13

Lumbar region- high #

Nucleus pulp. has broken out the ann. fib.

Answer 13

Herniated disc

Question 14

Abnormal curvatures of the spine are?

Answer 14

Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis

Question 15

• lateral side
• common in females 10-12
• abnormal lateral curvature

Answer 15

Scoliosis

Question 16

• common in elderly women
• “hunch back”
• thoracic

Answer 16

Kyphosis

Question 17

• sway back
• common in pregnant women (when the circumference is greater than the height)
• lumbar
• the ‘s’
• abnormal region pulled more forward than normal

Answer 17

Lordosis

Question 18

On the sternum, what is the most superior region, that has a clavicular notch called?

Answer 18

Manubrium

Question 19

On the sternum, what is the middle region that is the attachment for the ribs, directly and indirectly, called?

Answer 19

Body

Question 20

On the sternum, what is the most inferior region at the end of the body is called?

Answer 20

Xiphoid Process

Question 21

What are the ribs (1-7) that connect directly to the sternum called?

Answer 21

True Ribs

Question 22

What are the ribs (8-12) that are not attached to anything called?

Answer 22

False Ribs

Question 23

What is costal cartilage?

Answer 23

rib cartilage -the white part that connects the sternum to the ribs.

Question 24

On the ribs:
depression/inferior blood vessels and nerves
is called?

Answer 24

Costal Groove