Chapter 9

Question 1

Draw Lewis Structure

Answer 1

1. Skeletal Structures
2. Count Total Valence Electrons
3. Attach electrons with single bonds
4. Complete octets of outer atoms
5. if there are extra electrons, place them on central atom
   If there is a deficit, make double & triple bonds

Question 2

Calculate Formal Charge

Answer 2

Formal Charge = Starting e - nonbinding e - 1/2 bonding

Question 3

Lattice Energy

Answer 3

Lattice NRG = NRG released when crystal forms from ions

Depends on size of charges
(Large atom = Large Dist. btwn nucleus)

Depends on charge of atoms
(Larger Charge = Strong Attraction)
Most Important

Question 4

Electronegativity

Answer 4

Increases going left to right.
Increases Going Up

Question 5

Polar, Non-Polar, Ionic Bonds

Answer 5

Polar: Lewis structure is asymmetrical and there is moderate electronegativity difference

Non-Polar: Lewis Structure is symmetrical and there a small difference in electronegativity

Ionic: Bond between metal and nonmetal with a high amount of electronegativity.