Chapter 9 (Joints)

Question 1

Joints are functionally classified as

Answer 1

1. Synarthrosis (an immovable joint)
2. Amphiarthrosis (a slightly movable joint)
3. Diarthrosis (a freely movable joint)

Question 2

Joints are structurally classified as

Answer 2

1. Fibrous joints (bones held together by dense collagen fibers)
2. Cartilaginous joints (bones held together by cartilage)
3. Synovial joints (bones held together by ligaments)

Question 3

Fibrous Joints

Answer 3

Lack a synovial cavity.
The articulating bones are held very closely together by dense irregular connective tissue.
Fibrous joints permit little or no movement.
Three types of fibrous joints

Question 4

Three types of fibrous joints

Answer 4

Sutures: Occur only between bones of the skull
Syndesmoses: Permits slight movement. Occurs in the interosseous membrane, between the tibia and fibula.
Gomphoses (Dentoalveolar): Immovable joint where a cone-shaped peg fits into a socket. Articulations of the teeth with the sockets of the maxillae and mandible

Question 5

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 5

Lacks a synovial cavity.
Allows little or no movement.
Joint is tightly connected by either cartilage or fibrocartilage.
Two types of cartilaginous joints

Question 6

Two types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 6

Synchondroses

Symphyses

Question 7

Synchondroses

Answer 7

Connecting tissue is hyaline cartilage.

Epiphyseal (growth) plate.

Question 8

Symphyses

Answer 8

Slightly movable joint
Ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, but a disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones.
Intervertebral discs between the vertebrae
Pubic Symphysis between the anterior surfaces of the hip bones

Question 9

Synovial Joints

Answer 9

Synovial cavity allows a joint to be freely movable.

Ligaments hold bones together in a synovial joint.