Chapter 9 Respiratory System

Question 1

Respiratory Drugs: Mucolytics

Answer 1

Decrease the viscosity ir thickness of respiratory secretions

acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

PO, IV or via nebulizer for dogs and cats

Also used to treat acetaminophen toxicity in cats

• Increases the synthesis of glutathione in the liver
• Glutathione faciliates the conjunction of toxic metabolites of acetaminphen

Question 2

Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives

Answer 2

hydrocodone

Opioid

tablet or syrup

used for harsh, non-productive cough in dogs (kennel cough)

Side effect: sedation and ileus

Question 3

Respiratory Drugs: Bronchodilators

Answer 3

Widen the lumen of the bronchioles

cholinergic blocking agent (anitcholinergics)

beta 2 adrenergic agonsits

methylxanthines

Question 4

Respiratory Drugs: Bronchodilators

cholinergic blockers (anticholinergics)

Answer 4

Bind to ACh receptors (muscarinic)

Block or anatagonize muscarinic receptors prevent bronchoconstriction

atropine

gylcopyrrolate

• Most often used in emgerency or surgical settings
• Side effect: dry eye, reduce salivation, trachycardia

Question 5

Respiratory Drugs: Beta 2 Andrenergic Agonists

Answer 5

Dilates bronchioles

terbutaline - tablets for dogs and cats

albuterol (Ventolin) - inhalant MDI for dogs and cats

clenbuterol (Ventipulmin) - oral syrup for horses

Sife effect: muscle tremors

Question 6

Respiratory Drugs: Methylzanthines

Answer 6

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

• Phosphodiesterase causes bronchoconstriction

aminophylline - injectable and oral tablets for dogs, cats and horses

theophylline - sustained release oral tablets in dogs and cats

• Side effect: muscle tremors, trachycardia

Question 7

Respiratory Drugs: Anithistamines

Answer 7

Block effects of histamine release from mast cells

• Histamine causes bronchoconstriction

(Stimulate heart, stomach secertions, dilation of aterioles, inflammatory response)

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

• Allergies
• Side effect: CNA depression

Question 8

Other Drugs

Answer 8

Glucocorticocids

Anitmicobials

Diuretics