What is the belief of psychoanalysis regarding dysfunction?
Dysfunction is buried in the subconscious and often a result of negative childhood experiences.
Who is known as the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
What are the defense mechanisms identified in psychoanalysis?
- Denial
- Rationalization
- Projection
- Repression
What are the three components of Freud’s structural model of the psyche?
- Id
- Ego
- Superego
What is the main belief of behaviorism?
Humans are animalistic and motivated through negative and positive stimuli.
Who is associated with the experiment of Pavlov’s dogs?
Ivan Pavlov
What is the ultimate goal of behaviorism according to B.F. Skinner?
The prediction and control of behavior.
What does humanism focus on?
The fullest growth of the individual in areas of love, fulfillment, self-worth, and autonomy.
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- Self-actualization (highest level)
- Esteem
- Love/belonging
- Safety
- Physiological (lowest level)
What is a key concept of the cognitive school of psychology?
It is devoted to studying mental processes.
Which psychologist emphasized personal responsibility in cognitive psychology?
Albert Ellis
What is the focus of positive psychology?
Human flourishing, as opposed to ‘deficit’ and dysfunction.
Who is a prominent figure in positive psychology?
Martin Seligman (1942-Present)
What must be offered to all veterans with PTSD as the primary diagnosis?
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
What is the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressants?
SSRIs
What are the pros of residential treatment programs?
- Individual treatment plans offered
- Structured environment helps to bring stability
- 24/7 care - full treatment
What are the cons of residential treatment programs?
- Artificial environment excludes real-world experience
- High cost
- False perception of being ‘fixed’
What is motivational interviewing?
A client-centered counseling approach that aims to strengthen a person’s own motivation and commitment to change.
How many rounds of treatment do SUDs addicts often require for success?
7 or more rounds
What is a major advantage of outpatient psychotherapies like cognitive behavioral therapy?
Lower cost and high effectiveness compared to psychoanalysis.
Define culture/subculture in the context of psychology.
Unique values, beliefs, interests, dress, and jargon separate from the larger culture.
What is a key quote by G.K. Chesterton regarding sacrificial service?
“The true soldier fights not because he hates what is in front of him, but because he loves what is behind him.”
What is self-stigma?
“I can’t be weak.”
What is professional-stigma?
Not wanting to let the team down.
