Chem printed notes unit

Question 1

The Kinetic Theory of Matter

Answer 1

all particles of matter are in motion

Question 2

Kinetic theory of gases

Answer 2

1. gases are tiny
2. no definite volume and are independent
3. move fast in a straight line and change direction in collision
4. are elastic and don’t stick together

Question 3

Kinetic energy are…

Answer 3

transferred but not lost

Question 4

Gas pressure

Answer 4

collision of gas particles with each other and their container.

Question 5

as collision increases

Answer 5

pressure increases

Question 6

as temperature increases

Answer 6

pressure increases

Question 7

altitude increases

Answer 7

atmospheric pressure decreases

Question 8

As volume increases,

Answer 8

pressure decreases.

Question 9

standard pressure

Answer 9

average pressure at sea level.

• 1 atm
• 760 mmHg
• 101.3 kPa

Question 10

Kelvin
(temperatureis the amt of kenetic energy)
KE is proportional to Kelvin

Answer 10

Celsius + 273

Question 11

Kinetic Molecular theory about gases

Answer 11

1. movement is straight
2. motion is constant and random
3. no attractive/repulsive forces among particles

Question 12

Factors Affecting Gas Pressure

Answer 12

1. as the amt of gas increases, pressure increases
2. as volume decreases, pressure increases
3. as temp increases, pressure increases

Question 13

Boyle’s law

Answer 13

PV=PV

Question 14

Charles’ law

Answer 14

v/t=v/t

Question 15

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 15

p/t=p/t

Question 16

the combined gas law

Answer 16

pv/t=pv/t

Question 17

Ideal gases

Answer 17

gases that follow the kinetic molecular theory/gas laws (ATM IS AT A CONSTANT)

Question 18

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 18

PV=nRT

R= .0821, pressure is in atm

Question 19

Dalton

Answer 19

Ptotal=P1+P2+P3

Question 20

Diffusion

Answer 20

gas particles spread

Question 21

Effusion

Graham

Answer 21

gas escape through a small hole

Question 22

When will real gas deviate from ideal gas behavior

Answer 22

• high pressure
• low temp
• high molar mass
• polar molecules

Question 23

Intermolecular Forces (IM)

Answer 23

forces of attraction btw particles (more in solids)

Question 24

Flow

Answer 24

particles can slide past eachother (only gas and liquids)

Question 25

Compressible

Answer 25

liquid and gas but gas is more

Question 26

KE

Answer 26

gas has more and solid has least

Question 27

Viscosity:

Answer 27

inability to flow

Question 28

Evaporation

Answer 28

liquid to gas below boiling point. Particles must have enough KE to beat IM. Highest KE at surface. cools overall

Question 29

Evaporation in a closed container

Answer 29

after evaporation, particles will lose energy and become a liquid.

Question 30

Equilibrium

Answer 30

reaction ocuring at the same rate, dynamic process bc looks likes nothing is happening

Question 31

Vapor Pressure

Answer 31

pressure caused by evaporated particles in closed container. vapor can b measure in container

Question 32

As temp increases

Answer 32

pressure increases

Question 33

as im forces increases

Answer 33

vp decreases

Question 34

boiling

Answer 34

conversion throughout substance. In order to boil, vapor pressure=atm pressure. Temp remains constant. also occurs by lowering atm pressure

Question 35

normal boiling point

Answer 35

boiling at standard pressure (sea level)

Question 36

high atm

Answer 36

bp increases

Question 37

low atm

Answer 37

bp decreases

Question 38

Crystaline

Answer 38

solid particles arranged in a pattern

Question 39

Amorphous

Answer 39

no order in particle

Question 40

Ionic (metal and nonmetal)

Answer 40

positive and negative, stronger higher normal boiling point

Question 41

Molescular (nonmetal)

Answer 41

covalent bond, weaker IM

Question 42

Sublimation

Answer 42

solid to gas without liquid. occurs when vapor pressure is greater/equal to atm

Question 43

deposition

Answer 43

gas to solid without liquid

Question 44

VP of soild

Answer 44

is lower than vp of a liquid

Question 45

phase diagram

Answer 45

shows temp and pressurre

Question 46

liquid state more dense than solid

Answer 46

slant left

Question 47

Molarity (M)

Answer 47

Liters of solution on bottom

Question 47

Molarity

Answer 47

Liters of solution on bottom

Question 48

Molality (m)

Answer 48

Kg