NO3
Boil with sodium hydroxide and aluminium. Creates ammonia, which turns a damp red litmus blue.
CO3
Add HCl to the solid. Bubbles of CO2 gas will come out which is bubbled through limewater
SO3
Add acidified potassium manganate and warm gently. Sulfur dioxide turns it from purple to colourless.
SO4
Add a few drops of nitric acid, then barium nitrate. White precipitate of barium sulfate is formed.
Cl
Add a few drops of nitric acid and then silver nitrate solution. White precipitate of silver chloride.
I
A few drops of nitric acid and then silver nitrate solution. Pale yellow solution of silver iodide.