Chickenpox

Question 1

What virus causes chickenpox?

Answer 1

Varicella-Zoster virus, a member of the herpesvirus family

Question 2

What is the typical progression of the chickenpox rash?

Answer 2

Spots (red bumps) → fluid-filled blisters → scab formation; new spots can appear as others blister or scab

Question 3

What is the general management of chickenpox in healthy children?

Answer 3

Supportive care only: oral fluids, paracetamol for fever (avoid ibuprofen), topical lotions (calamine or aqueous creams), and antihistamines for pruritus

Question 4

What medication should be avoided in chickenpox and why?

Answer 4

Ibuprofen/NSAIDs—due to increased risk of serious skin complications (necrotising fasciitis)

Question 5

How long should a child with chickenpox remain off school or nursery?

Answer 5

Until all spots have crusted over, usually 5 days after onset

Question 6

What are key signs that require urgent medical attention in chickenpox?

Answer 6

Difficulty breathing, severe headache, drowsiness, seizures, persistent fever >5 days or returning after settling, dehydration, or signs of skin infection (hot, red, painful skin)