Child Development Test One (Chapter 1+2) > Child Development Chapter 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Child Development Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards

(54 cards)

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0
Q

5 Periods of Development (up to age 20)

A

Prenatal, Infancy, Early Childhood, Middle Childhood, Adolescence

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1
Q

Child Development vs Developmental Psychology Range

A

Child Development - Conception to Adolescence

Developmental Psych - Conception to Death

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2
Q

Four Issues/Debates

A
  1. Continuous vs. Discontinuous
  2. One course or many
  3. Nature vs. Nurture
  4. Stable vs. Open to change
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3
Q
  1. One course of development or many?
A

One Course - Children everywhere follow same for stages.

Many Courses - Different cultures shape development differently

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4
Q
  1. Nature vs. Nurture
A

Nature focuses on biological givens

Nurture focuses on physical/social world

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5
Q
  1. Stable vs. Open to Change
A

Stability emphasizes heredity

Change emphasizes experience

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6
Q

Medieval Times

A

Preformantionism (Children are already formed adults)

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7
Q

Preformationism

A

Children were regarded as already formed adults. (Medieval times)

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8
Q

Reformation Times

A

Children were regarded as evil and stubborn.

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9
Q

Enlightenment Times

A

Tabula Rasa (Blank Slate) and Nobile Savege (Inborn Talents)

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10
Q

Three Domains of Development

A

Physical, Cognitive, Emotional/Social

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11
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

Child is born as a blank slate for society to shape.

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12
Q

Noble Savege

A

Child is born with inborn talents.

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14
Q

Infancy Period

A

Birth to 2 years old

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15
Q

Scientific Times

A

Evolutionary Theory

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16
Q

Early Childhood

A

2 to 6 years old

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16
Q

Middle Childhood

A

6 to 11 years old

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17
Q

Id

A

Primative and Instinctive

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18
Q

Ego

A

Rational

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19
Q

Super-Ego

A

Conscious and Rational

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20
Q

Classic Conditioning Theory

A

Relationship between stimulus and response.

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21
Q

Operant Conditioning Theory

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A

Reinforcement and Punishment

22
Q
  1. Continuous vs. Discontinuous Development
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A

Continuous is a gradual process like a sponge.

Discontinuous is a staged process like a plant.

23
Q

Four Stages of Devvelopment

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A
  1. Sensory-motor
  2. Pre-Operational
  3. Concrete-Operational
  4. Formal-Operational
24
Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural theory
Cognative development is culturally and socially molded from interaction
25
4 Systems of Ecological System Theory
Micro Meso Exo Macro
26
Meso-system
The connections between Micro-systems.
27
Exo-system
Social settings that do not contain the child, but still affect experiences in immediate settings.
28
Macro-system
Cultural values, laws, and customs.
29
Theory
Set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior.
30
Hypothesis
Prediction drawn directly from a theory.
31
Systematic Observation
Naturalistic & structured observation
32
Self-Reports
Can be in the form of Interviews or Questionares
33
Case-Study
Study on a single child
34
Ethnography and two of it's issues
The study of cultures other than ones own. The bias of the investigator. Findings that aren't generalized beyond subject group.
35
Two types of designs
Correlational and Experimetal
36
Adolescence
11 to 20 years old
37
Correlational Design
Looking for relationships (cannot infer cause and effect)
38
Experimental Design
Looking for cause/effect relationships
39
Variables
Independent is manipulated. | Dependent is studied.
40
Longitudinal study
One group is monitored over time.
41
Cross-sectional study
Different groups are monitored
42
Children's 5 research rights
``` Protection from harm Informed consent Privacy Results Beneficial treatment ```
43
Who: Piaget
Who: One course of development (with 4 stages)
44
Who: Vygotsky
Who: Different cultures shape development differently
45
Who: John Lock
Who: Tabula Rasa (blank slate)
46
Who: Jean Rouseau
Who: Noble Savage (inborn talents)
47
Who: Darwin
Who: Evolution
48
Who: Freud
Who: Id, Ego, SuperEgo
49
Who: Watson
Who: Classic Conditioning Theory (stimulant/response relationship)
50
Who: Skinner
Who: Operant Conditioning Theory (reinforcement/punishment)
51
Who: Brofenbrenner
Who: Ecological system theory (micro, messo, exo, macro system)
52
Micro-system
The innermost level of the child's environment, such as immediate family, school, or playground.
53
Prenatal Period
Conception to Birth
Child Development Test One (Chapter 1+2)
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