1
Q
What does a proficient user of language have
A
- phonology
- semantics
- syntax
- pragmatically
2
Q
What is phonology made of
A
Sound system
- phonemes - limited set
- characteristic of each language
Combination rules
3
Q
What is semantics made up of
A
- meaning of words
- morphemes
- prefix/suffix
- smallest linguistic units that may have meaning
4
Q
What is syntax made up of
A
- form structure of language
5
Q
What is pragmatics made up of
A
- rules about language in social context
6
Q
What is the pre-linguistic period
A
- 3 forms of vocalisation
- dialogue returned by caregivers
- learn other features
7
Q
What are the 3 forms of vocalisation in pre-linguistic period
A
- crying: 3-4 weeks
- cooing: 3-5 weeks onwards
- babbling: 3-4 months
8
Q
What is babbling
A
- adding constants
- echolalia
9
Q
8-12 months
A
- associate objects with name
- verbal labels
10
Q
18 months
A
- true symbolic representation
- word as substitute for object
- used for communication
11
Q
Words representing objects
A
- 8-12 months
- 18 months
- overextending
12
Q
Telegraphic speech
A
18-24 months
13
Q
Adding complexity (2+ Years)
A
- adding verb
- compound sentences
- past tense
- logical errors
14
Q
Years 3-5
A
- interest in rhymes & songs
- commentaries during play
- pre-sleep monologues
- all show emergence of narrative
15
Q
Thinking
A
- different modes of thought
- propositional - verbal language
- imaginal - visual imagery - Concepts & categorisation
- prototypes
- core properties
- hierarchies of concepts
16
Q
Language acquisition
A
- skinner
- language learnt
17
Q
Learning language
A
- joint involvement episodes
- social input
- one-to-one adults’ sessions
- predictor of vocabulary growth
18
Q
Most important features of interaction
A
- adopting helpful speech styles
- attention eliciting technique
- timing of verbal input
- child-directed speech
- social interactions
19
Q
Chomsky
A
- language acquisition device
- universal grammar
20
Q
Biologically programmed behaviour
A
- spontaneity of language
- critical period hypothesis
21
Q
Critical period hypothesis (Lenneberg)
A
- children <12
- bilingual with no accent
- recovery of language after head injury
- sensitive (not critical) period
22
Q
Sign language
A
- deaf children with deaf parents, similar language milestones
- deaf children with hearing parents, delayed language development
23
Q
Left hemisphere
A
- complex language functions
- complex logical activities
- mathematical computations
24
Q
Right hemisphere
A
- simple language functions
- spatial and pattern abilities
- emotional recognition
I&P
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