What is cholesterol primarily associated with?
Arteriosclerotic vascular disease
Cholesterol is a major lipid found in blood, bile, and brain tissue.
What is the main function of cholesterol in the body?
Formation of cellular membranes
Cholesterol is required for the formation of steroid hormones and cellular membranes.
Such as :
Corticosteroids ( cortisol, aldosterone)
Sex hormones
Vitamin D
Cholesterol is the main lipid found in __________.
blood, bile, and brain tissue
It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions.
What is the standard level of cholesterol considered normal?
200 mg/dL
This is the threshold for normal cholesterol levels.
The cholesterol esterase enzyme is involved in what process?
Hydrolysis of cholesterol esters
This enzyme helps in breaking down cholesterol esters into free cholesterol.
Principle REACTION of Cholesterol estimation test.
Cholestrol Ester + H2O —cholesterol esterase——> Free cholesterol + Fatty acids .
Cholestrol + 02 —-cholesterol oxidase——> cholestenone + H202
4-aminoantipyrin + Phenol + H202 —–Peroxidase—-> Red quinoneimine dye + H2O
Principle of Cholesterol estimation test.
cholesterol esterase hydrolyse esterified Cholestrol to free
Cholestrol.
The free cholesterol is oxidized to form hydrogen
peroxide
which further reacts with phenol and 4- amino antipyrin with the help of peroxidase enzyme to form a red coloured quinonemine dye complex.
Intensity of the colour formed is directly proportional to the amount of cholestrol present in the sample.
Reagents of Cholesterol estimation test.
L1 (enzyme reagent)
L2 (enzyme reagent 2)
Cholesterol standard
working reagent ( 4 parts of L1 + one part of L2 )
Wavelength for Cholesterol estimation Test
505 nm (green filter)
when can we Say that cholesterol level is Suspicious and elevated?
Suspicious = 220mg/dl or above
elevated = 260 mg/dl or above.
Calculation of Cholesterol estimation test.
Cholesterol in mg/dl = Abs T/Abs S X 200 .
Increased level of Cholesterol can cause
hypercholesterolaemia
hyper lipideamia
hypothyroidism
uncontrolled diabetes
nephrotic Syndrome
Cirrhosis
Decreased level of cholesterol are found in -
malnutrition
hyperthyroidism
Anemia
liver disease
method name of cholesterol estimation test.
CHOP/PAP method
What are the main enzymes used in the CHOD-PAP method?
1.Cholesterol esterase = hydrolyzes cholesterol esters to Free cholestrol.
- Cholesterol Oxidase = oxidizes cholesterol to Cholestenone + H2O2
- Peroxidase (POD) = catalyzes colour formation using H2O2 ,phenol and 4 AAP.
Why should serum, not plasma, be used?
Because anticoagulants (in plasma) can interfere with enzyme reactions or absorbance readings.
What is the color of the end product in the CHOD-PAP method?
A red or pink-colored quinoneimine dye.
What is the purpose of using a standard?
To provide a known reference concentration that allows calculation of the sample concentration by comparison.
What is cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a sterol (lipid) found in all animal cell membranes; it is a precursor for bile acids, steroid hormones, and vitamin D.
