Performance management
the process of how an organization manages and aligns all of its resources to achieve high performance
Performance appraisal
The infrequent assessment of an employee’s performance
Succession planning
the process involving long term projections about the future staffing needs of an organization in order to ensure key roles are filled as needed
top grading
A method of performance management whereby employees are graded on their overall contribution to the organization
critical incidents
specific behaviors indicative of good or bad job performance
Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)
a type of performance appraisal rating scale in which the scale points are descriptions of behavior
serial position error
a type of rating error in which the rater has better recall of information that is presented at the beginning or end of a sequence
contrast error
a type or rating error in which the rater assesses the ratee as performing better than he or she actually performed due to a comparison with another ratee who performed poorly
halo error
evaluations bases on the raters general opinions about an employee
leniency error
rating error in which the rater will assess harshly or to well compared to the “true” level of ability
central tendency error
Occurs when a rater gives all employees a score within a narrow range in the middle of the scale.
rater error training
the process of educating raters to make more accurate assessments of performance
frame of reference training
the process of providing a common perspective and set of standards to all raters to increase the accuracy of their evaluations
rater motivation
a concept that refers to organizationally-induced pressures that compel raters to distort their evaluations
peer assessment
A technique of performance appraisal in which individuals assess the behavior of their peers or coworkers. Peer assessments include nominations
peer nomination
a technique of appraising the performance of coworkers by nominating them for membership in a group
peer rating
a technique of appraising the performance of coworkers by rating them on a dimension of their job behavior
peer rankings
a technique of appraising the performance of coworkers by ranking them on a dimension of their job behavior
self assessment
a technique of performance appraisal in which individuals assess their own behavior
Dunnin Kruger effect
uninformed individuals are too confident
360-degree feedback
Process of evaluating employees from multiple rating sources
