Class 10

Question 1

rapid acting insulin

Answer 1

Novolog

Question 2

Novulin R

MOA

Answer 2

Decrease blood glucose levels by increasing cellular uptake of glucose and stimulating storage of glucose as glycogen and inhibit release of glucagon

Question 3

Novulin R

Is for

Answer 3

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 4

Novulin R

Adverse Effects:

Answer 4

hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

Question 5

Oral diabetic drugs (Thiazolidinedione)

Answer 5

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Question 6

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

MOA

Answer 6

Lower blood glucose by increasing cellular sensitivity to insulin, thereby reducing insulin resistance

Question 7

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Used for

Answer 7

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 8

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

Adverse effects:

Answer 8

hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

Question 9

Biguanide

Oral Diabetic Drug

Answer 9

Glucophage (metformin)

Question 10

Glucophage (metformin)

moa

Answer 10

• Reduce blood glucose by reducing gluconeogenesis, thereby suppressing hepatic production of glucose
• Decrease intestinal reabsorption of glucose and increase cellular uptake of glucose

Question 11

Glucophage (metformin) Adverse effects:

Answer 11

Hypoglycemia

GI: n/v, heartburn, diarrhea

Question 12

Glucophage (metformin) Nursing Concerns:

Answer 12

• Take medications preferable 30min prior to breakfast and take same time each day
• If a dose missed, take it as soon as remembered but not double up if close to next dose
• Teach signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and instruct patient to consume juice or candy once hypoglycemia and notify health providers
• Avoid other medications like aspirin and EtOH
• Encourage routine follow ups, proper diet, and exercise.

Question 13

anti-hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

Propylthiouracil (Propacil, Propyl-Thyracil, PTU)

Question 14

Propylthiouracil (Propacil, Propyl-Thyracil, PTU)

MOA

Answer 14

Inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis

Suppress peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 15

Propylthiouracil (Propacil, Propyl-Thyracil, PTU) Adverse effects:

Answer 15

CNS: dizziness, neuritis, weakness, paresthesias, fatigue, headache
CV: bradycardia
Others: leukopenia, myelosuppression, hypersensitivity reactions, rash

Question 16

Propylthiouracil (Propacil, Propyl-Thyracil, PTU) Nursing concerns:

Answer 16

• baseline VSs, ECG and lab studies including T3, T4, TSH and CBC, S/S of thyroid crisis (tachycardia, dysrhythmia, fever, heart failure, flushed skin, apathy, confusion, behavioral changes)
• Teaching for S/S of hypothyroidism
• Take medications at the same time every day around the clock
• Instruct to monitor pulse rate and to report significant increase or decrease in pulse rate
• The most serious adverse effects of antithyroid agents is agranulocytosis. Regularly check CBC for leukopenia

Question 17

Insulin

Nursing Concerns:

Answer 17

• Always monitor blood glucose before administration
• Roll but never shake vials of insulin to ensure gentle dispersion
• Insulin is given parenterally but not orally (enzyme destroyed in intestine)
• IV administration with regular insulin only whereas the needle of 25 or 26 gauge and ½ to ¾ inch in length used for SC injection
• Rotate injection sites
• Insulin doses must be adjusted with stress, infection, or pregnancy
• Teach patient with S/S of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia
• Do not give when blood sugar less than 70mg/dl or with the signs of hypoglycemia (anxious, nervous, confusion, weakness etc)
• Emphasize the importance of compliance to regimen

Question 18

Pituitary Hormone

Answer 18

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Desmopression (DDAVP)

Question 19

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Desmopression (DDAVP) Indications:

Answer 19

Diabetes insipidus
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Nocturnal enuresis

Question 20

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Desmopression (DDAVP) Nursing Concerns:

Answer 20

Always assess vital signs and serum sodium levels
Contraindications/cautions
Angina
Decreased cardiac output
Increased peripheral resistance (hypertension)
Arrhythmia

Question 21

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Desmopression (DDAVP) Adverse effects:

Answer 21

Bradycardia 
Premature atrial contraction 
Heart block 
Fluid overhydration 
Always assess vital signs and serum sodium levels

Question 22

Thyroid Hormones (supplement)

Answer 22

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, T4)

Question 23

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, T4)

MOA

Answer 23

supply thyroid hormones to correct hypothyroidism

Question 24

Adverse effects:

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, T4)

Answer 24

Overdose:
hyperthyroidism – thyroid crisis
2. Thyroid crisis:
angina
tachycardia
palpitations
hypertension
cardiac dysrhythmia
N/V/D
Cramping
Insomnia
Tremors
Headache
Nervousness
Irritability
weight loss
 fever

Question 25

Topotecan (hycamptin)

Answer 25

metastatic ovarian cancer after failure of other chemotherapy-relapsed small cell lung cancer-cervical cancer

Question 26

Topotecan (hycamptin) Adverse effects:

Answer 26

Neutropenia Myelosuppression Alopecia Interstitial Lung Disease

Question 27

Nursing Concerns: | Topotecan (hycamptin)

Answer 27

CBC avoid vaccines avoid OTC products

Question 28

Pyridostigmine (Mistinon) | MOA

Answer 28

inhibits destruction of acetylcholine increasing concentration of acetylcholine released

Question 29

Pyridostigmine (Mistinon) USED FOR

Answer 29

used as a muscle relaxant or for myasthenia gravis