What factors influence food consumption preferences
psychological
social (ethics)
cultural
personal (taste, health
economic (income, cost)
time
how food produced
An ——- diet is the most common diet globally, with —- followed by over a tenth of the global population
omnivorous
non-meat diets (which can include fish)
M/F most likely to be vegetarian, while M/F more likely to be omnivorous
F
M
—- population more likely to be omnivorous, whereas — age group more likely to follow meat-free diet
older
younger
—-income househods more likely to be flexitarian vs.
—-income households more likely to be omnivorous
low
high
–>income is a significant driver in the type of diets people choose to follow
Biggest diet difference in —- which has significantly higher levels of vegetarian and vegan diets
India
top three meat eating countries
serbia, hungary, russia
2 highest number of pescatarian
peru, turkey
3 highest flexitarian
peru, malaysia, chile
3 ethical considerations in food preferences
animal welfare
social equity
environmental sustainability
top reasons fo wanting to incorporate more plant-based foods (6)
- improve overall health and nutrition
- weight management
- better for environment
- help manage health condition
- dont like eating animals treated with hormones
- animal welfare
we have lots of options, but very little… and lots of —- considerations
intimate knowledge about food’s origin
sustainability
define sustainability
ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Triple bottom line model vs. nested hierarchy one
premise of sustainability
ecological integrity is fundamental to sustainable human well-being
track record with sustainability up to now
overshooting our safe operating space
demands large compared to the capacity of ecosystems to support them
sustainability equation
sustainability = sustainable scale + just distribution + efficient allocation
sustainability as a nested hierarchy
define sustainable scale
setting absolute limits to material throughput compatible with ongoing ecosystem functioning capable of supporting human well-being
appropriate scale relative to biocapacity
define just distribution
How resources are allocated and costs/benefits are distributed must conform to some principle of distributive justice
What criteria/considerations should we bring to bear in gauging the extent to which different food system options/outcomes are “just”?
Which among multiple, competing sustainability objectives do we prioritize and why?
define efficient allocation
which strategies are more or less efficient in enabling us to achieve our objectives
in 2050, whe world population will require — more food and — of this food must come from efficiency-improving technology
100%
70%
how do we determine efficient allocation
quantifying (measure and compare) efficiency based on life cycle thinking
energy analysis (exergy/emergy), material flow analysis, carrying capacity techniques (ecological footprint) and multi-criteria techniques (LCA, ELCA, SLCA, LCC)
define justice
principle of moral rightness or goodness
humanistic ethics
consequentialism
utilitarianism
deontology
virtue ethics
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Class 226
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