CLASSIFICATION

Question 1

Define species.

Answer 1

A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

Define the binomial system of naming species.

Answer 2

• An internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts, showing the genus and species

Question 3

What are the five kingdoms?

Answer 3

• Animal
• Plant
• Fungus
• Bacteria (Prokaryote)
• Protoctist

Question 4

What are the features of protoctist kingdom?

Answer 4

• unicellular OR multicellular
• Heterotrophic or Autotrophic

Question 5

What are the features of the bacteria (prokaryote) kingdom?

Answer 5

• Uni-cellular
• No nucleus
• Peptidoglycan cell wall
• Circular DNA
• plasmid DNA
• Asexual reproduction

Question 6

What are the features of the Fungi kingdom?

Answer 6

• Uni-cellular(YEAST)
• Multi-cellular(MUSHROOMS)
• Heterotrophic, e.g., Decomposers, parasites, etc.
• Asexual Reproduction
• Chitin cell walls
• Have spores

Question 7

What are the features of the plant kingdom?

Answer 7

• Multi-cellular
• Autotrophic
• Cellulose cell wall
• Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Question 8

What are the features of the animal kingdom?

Answer 8

• Multi-cellular
• Heterotrophic
• Sexual Reproduction

Question 9

Within the animal kingdom, what are the main groups of vertebrates(WITH BACKBONE)?

Answer 9

• mammals
• birds
• reptiles
• amphibians
• Fish

Question 10

Within the animal kingdom, what are the main groups of invertebrates(WITHOUT BACKBONE)(ARTHROPODS)?

Answer 10

• myriapods
• insects
• arachnids
• crustaceans

Question 11

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 11

m - movement
r - respiration
s - sensitivity
g - growth
r - reproduction
e - excretion
n - nutrition

Question 12

What are the rules for the binomial system of naming?

Answer 12

• 1. Genus(first word) 2. Species (second word)
     e.g. Homo sapiens
• Genus first alphabet capital, all other letters are lowercase
• Italics/Underlined

Question 13

What are the properties of mammals(VERTEBRATES)

Answer 13

• Warm-blooded
• 4 limbs
• fur
• mammary glands
• placenta
• external ears

Question 14

What are the properties of Birds(VERTEBRATES)

Answer 14

• Warm-blooded
• 2 limbs, 2 wings
• feathers
• hard shell eggs
• beaks

Question 15

What are the properties of reptiles(VERTEBRATES)

Answer 15

• Dry-scaly skins
• eggs with rubbery shells
• land
• cold-blooded

Question 16

What are the properties of Amphibians(VERTEBRATES)

Answer 16

• Moist skin
• Eggs with rubbery shells in water
• larva has gills
• adult has wings

Question 17

What are the properties of Fish(VERTEBRATES)

Answer 17

• Wet-scaly skin
• Eggs without shells
• Gills present
• Fins present
  e.g. Salmon, grouper, trout, shark.

Question 18

What are the properties of Myriapods(Arthropods)?

Answer 18

• Segmented body(several segments)
• Every segment has a pair of legs
• a pair of antennas
• pair of simple eyes.

Question 19

What are the properties of Insects(Arthropods)?

Answer 19

• 3 segments in the body:
  -> Head
  -> Thorax
  -> Abdomen
• 3 pairs of legs
• 2 pairs of wings
• pair of compound eyes

Question 20

What are the properties of Crustaceans(Arthropods)?

Answer 20

• 2 parts body
• one pair of compound eyes
• exoskeleton, e.g., crab
• 5 pairs of legs or more

Question 20

What are the properties of Arachnids(Arthropods)?

Answer 20

• 4 pairs of legs
• 2 segments:
  –> Cephalothorax
  —> Abdomen
• Several pairs of simple eyes

Question 21

What are the properties of non-flowering plants(Ferns)?

Answer 21

• Leaves are called Fronds
• Most of them reproduce asexually
• Have spores

Question 22

What are the properties of Flowering plants?

Answer 22

• Contain flowers (reproductive organs)
• sexually reproduce
• Male: stamen
• Female: carpel

Question 23

What are the properties of Monocot(Flowering plants)?

Answer 23

• Seeds have only 1 cotyledon
• The number of petals are multiples of 3
• Leaves are long and narrow leaves which have PARALLEL VEINS

Question 24

What are the properties of Dicot(Flowering plants)?

Answer 24

- Seeds have 2 cotyledons - The number of petals are multiples of 4 or 5 - Leaves are broad with RETICULATED OR BRANCHED VEINS

Question 25

What are the properties of Viruses?

Answer 25

- Non-living - Do not obey the 7 characteristics of life (MRS GREN) outside the host cell - It effects host cell - Has a protein coat and DNA or RNA - No cellular structure.