Clinical Flashcards by Brion Moss

Athletes should recieve?

water during an event to replace lost fluids

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What is included in a study of demographics?

Age and sex of individuals, and socioeconomic factors.

Not population statistics

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A patient is on a high protein, low carb. diet. What advice should you offer?

Increase fluid intake

Not decrease the intake of SFA

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Infants at what weight and hemoglobin levels have greatest health risk?

30# and HB 9 g/dL

acceptable levels (0-1yr)
19-22# and 9.5-24g /dL

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What should be included in a normal diet for Celiac Disease?

Use potato and rice flour for energy and emphasis on vitamin B12/ Iron

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How many calories are in a 300ml of a 5% dextrose solution?

x % of dextrose = x g /100ml
ex. 5% = 5g/100ml

0.05 x 300ml = 15cal/g
15cal/g x 3.4g= 51

51 calories

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Which of the following diets is appropriate for reactive hypoglycemia?

Reduce the intake of concentrated carbs and 5- 6 small meals
Not, increased complex Carb, low fat, and high protein

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A patient with Crohn’s Disease needs the following diet

Low fat only with Steatorrhea, vitamin C, B12 and calories according to current BMI and high protein

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A female, 5’ 7” tall weighs 115#. Six months ago she weighed 130#. What is her percent of ideal body weight?

Ideal Body Weight
100# + (5 x 1” over 5ft.)

(actual wt./ IBwt) x 100 = Percent

85%

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A patient with Marasmus could have

Serum albumin levels of 3.5, transferrin 275, triceps skinfold 3, MAMC 15, TLC N/A

Mid- Arm Muscle Circumfrence
Total Leucocyte Cout: norm: 4,000-11,000

muscle and fat wasting without edema, leading to stunted growth in children.

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When assessing nutritional status, what would be the most beneficial?

Diet info, clinical data and lab data

NOT, medical history, diet order, socioeconomic status

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The first function of a Public Health nutritionist is?

Assess the needs of the community

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What nutrients most affect the renal solute load?

Protein and Sodium

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The elderly need how many mL of water per Kg?

The elderly need 25-30mL/ H20 per kg/day

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If a man normally consumes 2,600 calories/day reduces his intake to 1,500 calories/day, how much weight will he lose in one week?

2.600 x 7 days = 18,200cal/wk
1,500 x 7 days = 10,500cal/wk

18,200 - 10,500 = 7,700kcal

7,700/3,500 = 2.2# or 1kg

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Primary treatment of diet therapy is for what disease?

Galactosemia not diabetes, wilson’s disease or peptic ulcers

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Meats cured with whey won’t be tolerated by someone with

Lactose Intolerance

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Following Billroth II, Steatorrhea often results of lack pancreatic secretion due to

< duodenal hormone secretion

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Chemically defined formulas are used for

Short Bowel Syndrome

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A patient with hepatitis needs an increased protein intake. Besides helping the Liver to regenerate, what other purpose does it serve?

It helps prevent Fatty Liver.

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The additive influence of foods and constituents which when eaten have beneficial effect on health refers to

Food Synergy

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Which of the following is a non-nutritive sweetener

Stevia

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A 1,500 calorie diabetic diet with 45% of calories from CHO is prescribed. 1/3 CHO in grams is met with 1/2 cup OJ, 1 cup milk and ?

2 slices of toast

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Which item is a medium fat protein in the Food List for Diabetics?

Corned Beef not Peanut butter (high fat)

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Which governing agency would you contact regarding food?

USDA not FDA of HHS

What is the diet for hypertension?

Low Na+ NOT Low Na+, high K+ & Ca+

The NHANES Study looks at which parameters?

Nutritional, Clinical, Biochemical

People with Cystic Fibrosis may be deficient in?

Folic Acid

What program helps nutrition education training to teachers and food service personnel?

EFNEP- Expaned Food and Nutrition Education Program- federally funded for low income families and youth.

What should you do when, a patient is about to be discharged when you recieve the diet discharge diet order?

Enroll him in the outpatient clinic & schedule an appointment.

Following a cholecystectomy, bile is produced by the?

Liver

The presence of acanthosis nigricans is likely associated with?

Increased blood insulin levels

Which of the following may be the cause of loose stools in a tube fed patient?

Feeding was administered too rapidly & an inadequate amount of intestinal surface area. NOT, constipation.

Before discontinuing a parenteral feeding, provide enteral support to prevent

Hypoglycemia

A measure of Somatic Protein is?

Mid-Arm Circumference

Gastric irritants include

black pepper, chili powder, caffine, alcohol, and cocoa NOT just Orange Juice

What follows a gastrectomy, is secondary to carbo overload; & draws fluid into the intestine?

Dumping Syndrome

Nutritional Therapy for hepatitis includes

Increased protein and CHO, moderate fat and increase calories.

In Cystic Fibrosis, the meal plan for most is

Increase calories and protein unrestricted fat and liberal sodium, NOT moderate Sodium, decrease fat and increased fat and protein.

Systems of nephrosis included?

albuniuria, hypercholesterolemia

What is released, during stress cause hyperglycemia

Catecholamines

Research on the effects of decreased sugar, low artificial flavor diet on hyperekinesis has

Shown that it has not been scientifically proven effective

When conducting a physical assessment of a patient, which method is used to estimate fat stores?

Inspection

Is this true or false about nutritional screening? All health team members can participate according to policy

True

A sandwich with 2 slices of white bread and 2 ounces of turkey provides how many calories?

250 cal White Bread (2 slices) Average per slice: 70–80 calories Total: 140–160 calories Turkey (2 ounces) Deli-sliced turkey breast: ~60 calories per 2 oz Estimated Total: 200–220 calories

Current research on the relationship between cancer & diet includes all of the following except

that it is not related to demographic factors But its is associated with ascorbic acid, epidemiologic data, and cancer associated with the intake of vitamin A

A patient with dehydration exhibits the symptoms of

sunken eyes, decreased renal function and increased tachycardia

2 liters of a 5% dextrose solution provide how many calories?

x % dextrose = x grams/100ml x 1000ml 5 % dextrose = 5grams/100ml x 1000ml = 50g 50 x 2 = 100g 100g x 3.4g/kcal =340kcal

The diet for Stomatitis is

avoid spices, very hot, very cold, sour and tart foods.

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for Medicaid?

Over the age of 60 years only and nutritional need. low income is

Healthy People 2030 goals are an outgrowth of a report by

Surgeon General, under DHHS

When a starved patient begins to eat, they might expect

an increased workload on the heart

What is an appropriate diet for peritoneal dialysis?

1.3g protein, 35 cals/kg

What lipoprotein has increased risk of developing heart disease?

Elevated small dense LDL-c particle

The allowance ofr SNAP is based on the

USDA thrifty food program

Immediately following a severe burn, nutritional therapy should include

fluid and electrolyte replacement

Orilstate is a medication used in a treatment of

Obesity

Closed enteral, enteral nutrition systems can hang for

24 -48hrs

A 60kg female receives 2700 calories on PN. The calorie to nitrogen ratio is 150:1. How many grams of nitrogen is she getting?

Work backwards 150cal for every 1 gram of Nitrogen 2700cal/150cal/g of N = 18g of N

What type of food would you feed to a patient who has the athetoid form of cerebral palsy?

finger foods like a hot dog in a roll

What is the approriate treatment of gastroparesis?

Rice, NOT gingerale, oranges, bran cereal

A female who eats a wide variety of foods & takes supplemental Fe+ & birth control pills may be

Marginally deficient in folic acid

The immobilized state can lead to decreased levels of

Albumin and Calcium

A man with a peptic ulcer should consume

A balance diet he can tolerate, NOT bland diet

Which nutrient may be absorbed during peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy, thus requiring a modification of diet?

Carbohydrates, NOT protein, water and fat soluble vitamins.

An infant formula for lactose intolerance might include:

Casein hydrolysate, corn oil, glucose, soy protein and corn syrup solids

A patient with nephrotic syndrome will likely exhibit

hyperlipidemia, albuminuria, edema

Fiber, like that found in oats, beans and bran cereals result in

increased water absorption from intestine

A patient suffering from bulimia may have all of the following symptoms except

Extreme weight loss They can have a sore throat, dental problems and rectal bleeding

A porkchop is which type of protein exchange?

lean protein

Medicad benifits apply to?

low income individuals

Congregate meals and home delivered meals fall under?

older Americans Act Nutrition Program Title 3

The stasis of pancreatic juice and bile could result in?

Autodigestion, fat malabsorption and obstruction jaundice

A patient with low hemoglobin levels and mean corpucular volume might have?

Microcytic Anemia

Prader Willis Syndrome is associated with?

Obesity

After gastrectomy, diet order should indicate

decrease diasaccharides

According to choose Your Foods: Food Lists for Diabetes II, 2 Tb of peanutbutter is equivalent

2 high fat proteins

Diet restricting tyramine permits

uncured cheese like cottage and ricotta

If a patient can't properly metabolize urea, what will accumalate in his blood?

Ammonia

An example of a primary prevention program for a local community would be ?

Have a local farmers bring fresh fruits and vegatables into school.

Clinical Flashcards

(80 cards)