cloning

Question 1

cloning

Answer 1

• create exact genetic copies

Question 2

embryonic nuclear transfer

Answer 2

• cells directly from early embryos
• can produce : many transgenic animals (very precise qualities), conservation of extinction, stem cells can be used in tissue and cell engineering

Question 3

non-embryonic nuclear transfer (somatic cell)

Answer 3

• somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
• from nucleus of donor adult cell to an egg who’s nucleus was removed
• electric pulse used to combine the dormant cell
• reconstructed egg containing DNA from donor, teated with chemicals or an electric pulse to stimulate cell division
• once cell reaches suitable stage, transferred to uterus of female host where it develops to birth
• clone of somatic cell donor

Question 4

why is this procedure so significant

Answer 4

• procedure proved that genetic material from a specialised adult cell could be re-programmed into an embryonic state to generate an entire new organism

Question 5

disadvantages of cloning

Answer 5

• potential to clone humans
• creation of groups for specific purposes
• improve human race according to an arbitrary standard
• clones used for organs and tissues for transplants
• death of many embryos, not perfected
• cloning reduces genetic diversity