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CN Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

cirbriform plate

Smell

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2
Q

CN II

A

Optic

optic canal

Vision

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3
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

superior orbital fissure

Levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

Parasympathetics: constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles via ciliary ganglion

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4
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

superior orbital fissure

superior oblique (inferior and lateral)

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5
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

V3: muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric

V1: sensory from cornea, nose, forehead, anterior scalp (superior orbital fissure)
V2: sensory from nasal mucosa, palate, gums, cheek (foramen rotundum)
V3: sensory from anterior 2/3 tongue, skin of chin, lower jaw and teeth, 1/3 auricle of ear (foramen ovale)

PA 1

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6
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

superior orbital fissure

Lateral rectus

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7
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

internal acoustic meatus

stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, muscles of facial expression (including buccinator and platysma)

Parasympathetic: lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands; mucous membrane of nose, hard and soft palates

skin of concha of ear, skin behind ear (small area)

taste anterior 2/3 tongue

PA 2

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

internal acoustic meatus

auditory and balance from cochlea and semicircular canals

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9
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

jugular foramen

stylopharyngeus M 
otic ganglion
sensation from carotid 
 body and sinus
general sensation from 
  posterior 1/3 tongue, skin 
  of external ear, internal 
  tympanic membrane
taste posterior 1/3 tongue

PA 3

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10
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

jugular foramen

Muscles of pharynx, palatoglossus, larynx except for stylpharyngeus (IX) and tensor veli palati (V3)

Smooth muscle and glands of pharynx, larynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera

sensory from larynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax and abdomen, stretch receptors and chemoreceptors in aortic arch

skin behind ear, external acoustic meatus, external surface (part) of tympanic membrane and pharynx

PA 4/6

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11
Q

CN XI

A

Spinal Accessory

jugular foramen

SCM and trapezius

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12
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

hypoglossal canal

muscles of tongue except palatoglossus (X)

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13
Q

CN I Nucleus

A

Mitral cells of olfactory bulb (SSA/SVA)

–>bipolar neurons in olfactory mucosa of nasal cavity

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14
Q

CN II Nucleus

A

Ganglion cells of retina (SSA)

–>retina

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15
Q

CN III Nucleus

A

Oculomotor (GSE)
Edinger-Westphal (GVE)
–>mesencephalon

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16
Q

CN IV Nucleus

A

Trochlear (GSE)

–>mesencephalon

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17
Q

CN V Nucleus

A

Masticator (SVE)
Trigeminal (GSA)
–>pons

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18
Q

CN VI Nucleus

A

Abducens (GSE)

–>pons

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19
Q

CN VII Nucleus

A 
Facial (SVE)
Superior salivatory (GVE)
Trigeminal (GSA)
Gustatory~taste
-->pons
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20
Q

CN VIII Nucleus

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A

Vestibular (SSA)-balance
Cochlear (SSA)-hearing
–>inner ear

21
Q

CN IX Nucleus

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A 
Ambiguus (SVE)
Inferior salivatory (GVE)
Solitarius (GVA)
Trigeminal (GSA)
Gustatory~taste
-->medulla
22
Q

CN X Nucleus

Study These Flashcards
A 
Ambiguus (SVE)
Dorsal vagus (GVE)
Solitarius (GVA)
Trigeminal (GSA)
-->medulla
23
Q

CN XI Nucleus

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A

Accessory (possibly SVE to SCM and trap)

–>medulla/spinal

24
Q

CN XII Nucleus

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A

Hypoglossal (GSE)

–>medulla

25
CN I damage
anosmia (partial or total loss of smell), loss of taste
26
CN II damage
Anopsia (visual defects)
27
CN III damage
``` Ptosis- upper eyelid droop paralysis of eye muscles-- >strabismus (eyes not in parallel, deviate improperly) diplopia focusing difficulty pupillary dilation (loss of parasympathetic constriction) ```
28
CN IV damage
stabismus, diplopia can't look down and out
29
CN VI damage
limit lateral movement of eye, diplopia | -->lateral gaze palsy
30
CN V damage
``` trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) -->suicidal pain ``` mastication muscle weakness/paralysis
31
CN VII damage
``` decreased tearing and salivation loss of taste sensation anterior 2/3 tongue Bell's palsy ```
32
CN VIII damage
loss of balance, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, deafness, tinnitis, nystagmus
33
CN IX damage
``` reduced salivary secretion, loss of gag reflex and taste to posterior 1/3 tongue possibly brady or tachy ```
34
CN X damage
``` larynx problems including hoarseness, monotone, complete loss of voice difficulty swallowing, loss of gag reflex impaired GI ```
35
CN XI damage
paralysis of trap/SCM difficulty elevating shoulder, turning face to opposite side (neck toward, chin away)
36
CN XII damage
``` difficulty swallowing and speech d/t impaired tongue movement only 1 damaged: protruded tongue deviates to side of damage ```
37
CN I pathway
through foramina in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone, synapses in olfactory bulb in anterior crainal fossa
38
CN II pathway
enters cranium via optic foramen of sphenoid--> L and R unite at optic chiasm--> optic tracts go to lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus--> info goes to occipital lobe
39
CN III pathway
superior orbital fissure to eye and eyelid pregang. parasympathetic to ciliary ganglion, postgang. fibers then travel to iris and ciliary muscle
40
CN IV pathway
superior orbital fissue out to superior oblique muscle
41
CN V pathway
V1: enter cranium via superior orbital fissue to trigeminal ganglion--> pons V2: enter cranium via foramen rotundum to trigeminal ganglion--> pons V3: motor leave pons and cranium via foramen ovale to muscles; sensory enters cranium via foramen ovale to trigeminal ganglion--> pons
42
CN VI pathway
superior orbital fissure out to lateral rectus muscle
43
CN VII pathway
sensory: from tongue via chorda tympani to skull, synapse on geniculate ganglion motor: leave pons, enter temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus, emerge via stylomastoid foramen to muscles parasympathetic: leave pons, enter internal auditory canal, leave via greater petrosal nerve or chorda tympani--> autonomic ganglion
44
CN VIII pathway
vestibular ganglion and spiral ganglion near cochlea converge to enter cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus--> junction of pons and medulla
45
CN IX pathway
sensory from tongue and carotid body (via superior or inferior ganglion) to jugular foramen--> pons motor leave via jugular foramen to stylopharyngeus M parasympathetic travel to otic ganglion--> parotid gland
46
CN X pathway
jugular foramen--> branch extensively in neck, thorax and abdoen sensory neuron cell bodies in superior and inferior ganglion associated with nerve
47
CN XI pathway
Spinal root enters skull via foramen magnum, merge with cranial root to leave skull via jugular foramen--> splits to travel with CN X (cranial) and to SCM and trapezius (spinal)
48
CN XII pathway
hypoglossal canal--> inferior mandible and inferior surface of tongue
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