CNIT 242 Final Exam - Cloud Computing

Question 1

What is cloud computing?

Answer 1

Concepts that mostly resolving around using the internet (the cloud) as a transport for some virtualized service

Question 2

What are the essential cloud computing characteristics according to the NIST Definition?

Answer 2

On-demand self service, broad network access (Internet or Intranet), Resource pooling (multi-tenancy), rapid elasticity, measured service

Question 3

NIST Definition of Cloud Computing 2012 (current as of 2020)

Answer 3

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g. networks, servers, storage, application, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or server provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models

Question 4

What are the three Cloud Computing Service Models

Answer 4

Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Question 5

Do users need knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the infrastructure in the cloud?

Answer 5

Nope!

Question 6

Where are software and data stored in cloud computing and how are they accessed?

Answer 6

Stored on centralized servers and accessed over a network connection
**Typically the internet or corporate network

Question 7

What is a key component to hosted services in cloud computing?

Answer 7

Virtualization

Question 8

What is SaaS

Answer 8

Software as a service, hosted by a provider. Designed to run in a web browser (or other thin client) over the network

Question 9

What service is usually subscription based and delivered on demand?

Answer 9

SaaS

Question 10

Where does SaaS require a web browser?

Answer 10

On the customer side, no customer software required. e.g Google Docs, Saleforces, Basecamp, Gmail

Question 11

What is PaaS

Answer 11

Platform as a Service, Delivers a development environment to app developers as a service over the cloud

**Includes storage, computing power and networking

Question 12

Where are apps built to run on in PaaS

Answer 12

To run on the providers infrastructure and then be delivered to users via PaaS

Question 13

What is PaaS constrained by?

Answer 13

The providers capabilities

Question 14

What are specific examples of PaaS

Answer 14

Google App Engine, Force.com, Microsoft Azure

Question 15

What is IaaS

Answer 15

Infrastructure as a Service, Allows the customer to provision resources on an as-needed basis

**Processing, storage, networking, etc.

Question 16

What is access to the resource like in IaaS

Answer 16

It is metered

Question 17

Does the customer manage the infrastructure in Infrastructure as a Service ?

Answer 17

No but can control the resources provision and related software/hardware

Question 18

What does IaaS allow for an organization to do

Answer 18

Stitch together storage, memory, I/O, and CPU capacity to create virtual servers or virtual data centers

e.g. Rackspace.com, GoGrid.com, Amazon EC2

Question 19

What are the four cloud computing deployment models?

Answer 19

Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Community cloud, Hybrid cloud

Question 20

What is a public cloud?

Answer 20

Client and service providers are separate entities. Clients subscribe to services provided by the provider. The provider, theoretically, services mutiple clients and likely has option for different Cloud Computing Options.

Question 21

Private Clouds

Answer 21

The infrastructure is owned and operated solely for a single organization. Cloud services are provided for an organization’s employees or business units. Usage may or may not be metered and billed back.

Question 22

Community Clouds

Answer 22

Shared by multiple organizations all supporting a single community with shared concerns. May be managed by the organizations or a 3rd party.

Question 23

Hybrid Clouds

Answer 23

Any combination of clouds (public, private, community) that remain unique entities but are bound together through the use of technology that enables data and application portability.

Question 24

What is hybrid clouds sometimes used for?

Answer 24

Cloud Bursting, Cloud Bursting is an application deployment model in which an application runs in a private cloud or data center and bursts into a public cloud when the demand for computing capacity spikes

Question 25

What are cloud computing benefits

Answer 25

Customer costs are reduced (No infrastructure or licensing costs, converts capital expenses into operational expenses) Location independence Improved efficiency (Only pay for what you use) Flexibility

Question 26

What are the issues with cloud computing

Answer 26

Reliability, Lack of Control, Security (Biggest Issue)

Question 27

Expand on the reliability issue with cloud computing

Answer 27

The cloud is made up of physical devices, any of which can fail (Routers, Switches, Hard drives) If provider has an issue, there is little you can do about it

Question 28

Expand on the lack of control issue with cloud computing

Answer 28

Your data is not stored on your computers, limited by providers limitations

Question 29

Expand on the security, biggest issue, in cloud computing

Answer 29

In some cases, security is a mere afterthought. Data privacy

Question 30

What is Intel's IT's evolving cloud computing strategy based on?

Answer 30

Growing the cloud from the inside out: building an internal cloud, then migrating to an external cloud as the market matures and security and privacy concerns are addressed

Question 31

What is the Federal Cloud Strategy

Answer 31

It is not sufficient to consider only the potential value of moving to cloud services. Agencies should make risk-based decisions which carefully consider the readiness of commercial or government providers to fulfill their Federal needs