coast

Question 1

Caves, arches, stacks and stumps

Answer 1

• Cracks are formed in the headland through the erosion al processes of hydraulic action and abrasion.
• As the waves continue to grind away at the crack, it begins to open up to form a cave.
• The cave becomes larger and eventually breaks through the headland to form an arch
• The base of the arch continually becomes wider through further erosion, until its roof becomes too heavy and collapses into the sea. This leaves a stack.
• The stack is undercut at the base until it collapses to form a stump

Question 2

mechanical weathering

Answer 2

Mechanical weathering (Freeze thaw)
- Water enters cracks in the rock.
- When temperature drop, the water freezes and expands causing the crack to widen
- The ice melts and water makes its way deeper into the cracks.
- The process then repeats until the rock cracks