Coasts

Question 1

Name the 2 types of waves?

Answer 1

Destructive, constructive

Question 2

What do destructive waves do to the coast?

Answer 2

They erode the coast

Question 3

What do constructive waves do to the coast

Answer 3

They deposit material

Question 4

Destructive waves characteristics?

Answer 4

High frequency
High and steep
Backwash is more powerful then there swash so material is removed

Question 5

Constructive wave characteristics?

Answer 5

Low frequency
Low and long
Their swag is more powerful full then backwash so material is deposited.

Question 6

What is chemical weathering

Answer 6

Breakdown of rock by changing its chemical composition. Carbonation weathering is a type of chemical weathering that happens in warm wet conditions

Question 7

What is mechanical weathering?

Answer 7

Breakdown of rock without changing its chemical composition. One type of mechanical weathering that affects coasts is freeze thaw weathering

Question 8

Describe chemical weathering?

Answer 8

Rainwater has C02 dissolved in it, which makes it a weak carbonic acid. Which reacts with rock that contains calcium carbonate so rocks are dissolved by rainwater

Question 9

Describe mechanical weathering?

Answer 9

Happens when temperature alternates above and below 0 degrees

Water enters rock that has cracks. When this water freezes it expands , which puts pressure on the rock, when the water thaws it contracts, which releases the pressure on the rock . Repeated thawing and freezing widens cracks and causes rock to break up

Question 11

What is mass movement?

Answer 11

The shifting of risks and loose material down a slope

Question 12

When does mass movement happen?

Answer 12

When the force of gravity acting on a slope is greater than the force supporting it.

Question 13

What are the 3 processes of erosion?

Answer 13

Hydraulic action
Abrasion
Attrition

Question 14

Define hydraulic power?

Answer 14

Waves crush against rock and compress the air in cracks. This puts pressure on the rock. Repeated compression widens the cracks causes bits of rock to break off.

Question 15

Define abrasion?

Answer 15

Eroded particles in the water scrape and rub against rock, removing small pecies

Question 16

Define attrition?

Answer 16

Eroded particles in the water collide, break into smaller pieces and become more rounded.

Question 17

What is deposition?

Answer 17

The dropping of material

Question 18

When does deposition occur?

Answer 18

When water carrying sediment loses energy and slows down.

Coasts build up when the amount of deposition is greater than the amount of erosion