what is the most common chromosomal abnormality in children?
Down syndrome
what is Down syndrome?
results from a trisomy of chromosome 21, and then less than 5% of cases, a translocation of chromosome 21
Down syndrome is associated with maternal age over ____.
35
What are some nursing assessments that are seen with Down syndrome?
- flat, broad nasal bridge
- inner epicanthal eye folds
- upward, outward slant of eyes
- protruding tongue
- short neck
- transverse palmar crease (simian crease)
- hyper-extendable and lax joints (hypertonia)
what are some common associated problems that patients with Down syndrome may have?
- cardiac defects
- respiratory infections
- feeding difficulties
- delayed developmental skills
- cognitive impairment
- skeletal defects
- atlantoaxial instability
- altered immune function
- endocrine dysfunctions
What are some nursing interventions for Down syndrome patients related to respiratory and cardiac systems?
- teach use of bulb syringe for suctioning nares
- teach signs of respiratory infection
- monitor for signs of cardiac difficulty
what are some nursing interventions for Down syndrome patients related to feeding?
- assist family with feeding problems
- feed to back inside of mouth
who are some specialists that need to be included in the care of Down syndrome patients?
- nutritionist
- speech therapist
- physical therapist
- occupational therapist
what is the nursing goal in caring for a child with Down syndrome?
help the child reach his or her optimal level of functioning
